Table 1.
Estimated number of excess deaths in 2020 in 29 high income countries, by sex
| Country | Total No (95% CI) | No (95% CI) male | No (95% CI) female |
|---|---|---|---|
| United States | 458 000 (454 000 to 461 000) | 245 000 (243 000 to 247 000) | 213 000 (210 000 to 215 000) |
| Italy | 89 100 (87 500 to 90 700) | 49 000 (47 900 to 50 000) | 40 200 (39 000 to 41 300) |
| England and Wales | 85 400 (83 900 to 86 800) | 45 000 (44 000 to 46 000) | 40 400 (39 400 to 41 400) |
| Spain | 84 100 (82 800 to 85 300) | 41 100 (40 200 to 42 000) | 43 000 (42 100 to 43 800) |
| Poland | 60 100 (58 800 to 61 300) | 35 400 (34 500 to 36 300) | 24 700 (23 800 to 25 600) |
| France | 43 500 (42 000 to 45 000) | 24 600 (23 500 to 25 700) | 18 900 (17 800 to 20 000) |
| Germany | 25 900 (24 000 to 27 800) | 17 700 (16 400 to 19 000) | 8200 (6900 to 9600) |
| Belgium | 17 900 (17 200 to 18 500) | 9000 (8600 to 9500) | 8800 (8400 to 9300) |
| Hungary | 16 600 (15 900 to 17 300) | 8100 (7600 to 8500) | 8500 (8000 to 9000) |
| Netherlands | 15 300 (14 600 to 16 100) | 8800 (8200 to 9300) | 6500 (6000 to 7100) |
| Czech Republic | 14 400 (13 700 to 15 000) | 8000 (7500 to 8500) | 6400 (5900 to 6900) |
| Sweden | 9300 (8700 to 9800) | 5100 (4700 to 5500) | 4100 (3700 to 4500) |
| Portugal | 8500 (7800 to 9100) | 4000 (3500 to 4500) | 4500 (4000 to 5000) |
| Greece | 7700 (7000 to 8300) | 3500 (3100 to 4000) | 4100 (3600 to 4600) |
| Austria | 6800 (6200 to 7300) | 3800 (3400 to 4200) | 2900 (2500 to 3300) |
| Scotland | 6800 (6400 to 7300) | 3900 (3600 to 4200) | 2900 (2600 to 3300) |
| Switzerland | 6800 (6300 to 7300) | 4000 (3700 to 4400) | 2800 (2400 to 3200) |
| Lithuania | 6800 (6500 to 7200) | 3700 (3500 to 4000) | 3100 (2800 to 3400) |
| Slovakia | 4400 (4000 to 4900) | 2300 (2000 to 2700) | 2100 (1800 to 2400) |
| South Korea | 4000 (2900 to 5000) | 1800 (1000 to 2600) | 2200 (1400 to 2900) |
| Slovenia | 3200 (3000 to 3500) | 1600 (1400 to 1800) | 1600 (1400 to 1800) |
| Northern Ireland | 2200 (1900 to 2400) | 1000 (860 to 1200) | 1100 (980 to 1300) |
| Israel | 2000 (1600 to 2400) | 1300 (1000 to 1600) | 690 (400 to 990) |
| Finland | 1000 (550 to 1500) | 690 (360 to 1000) | 320 (0 to 640) |
| Latvia | 820 (490 to 1100) | 270 (50 to 490) | 550 (310 to 790) |
| Estonia | 670 (430 to 910) | 330 (160 to 490) | 340 (170 to 520) |
| Norway | −70 (−470 to 320) | 100 (−180 to 370) | −170 (−450 to 110) |
| Denmark | −160 (−610 to 300) | −40 (−360 to 290) | −120 (−440 to 200) |
| New Zealand | −2500 (−2900 to −2100) | −1200 (−1500 to −970) | −1300 (−1500 to −1000) |
Excess deaths in 2020 calculated as difference in observed deaths and expected deaths predicted using over-dispersed Poisson model that accounts for temporal trends and seasonal and natural variability. Numbers <1000 are rounded to nearest ten; numbers between 1000 and <100 000 are rounded to nearest hundred, and numbers ≥100 000 are rounded to nearest thousand.
Data: Short-term Mortality Fluctuations data series of Human Mortality Database