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. 2021 Mar 3;8(10):2002464. doi: 10.1002/advs.202002464

Figure 2.

Figure 2

Design principles and working mechanisms of the GO‐based actuators. Scheme of the bio‐model, typical scheme, and experimental results of moisture‐responsive GO‐based actuators based on a) material gradient, b) structure gradient, and c) moisture gradient. a, left image) For the pine cone image: Reproduced under the terms of the CC‐BY Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.[ 66 ] Copyright 2018, The Authors, Published by Elsevier. a, middle and right images) Reproduced with permission.[ 62 ] Copyright 2015, Wiley‐VCH. b, left image) For the Bauhinia pods image: Reproduced with permission.[ 99 ] Copyright 2011, American Association for the Advancement of Science. b, middle and right images) Reproduced with permission.[ 41 ] Copyright 2019, Wiley‐VCH. c, left image) For the root hygrotaxis image: Reproduced with permission.[ 77 ] Copyright 2019, The Botanical Society of Japan and Springer Japan KK, part of Springer Nature. c, middle and right images) Reproduced with permission.[ 78 ] Copyright 2016, Wiley‐VCH. The excellent actuation performance: d) the curvature change and e) response time among the GO‐based actuators reported within the last 5 years.