Table 1.

Baseline clinical characteristics and immunologic findings of the pre- and post-CAR-T-cell therapy cohorts

Demographics		Diagnosis and prior treatments			CAR-T-cell therapy and vaccine			Baseline immunologic findings7
Study ID1	Age group (years)	Underlying diagnosis2	Time HCT to vaccine (months)3	mAb in 6 months before vaccine4	CAR-Tx target5	Approximate time from CAR-Tx to vaccine (years)	Vaccine type6	IgG, mg/dL8	CD19+ B-cells /μl	CD4+ T-cells /μl
Pre-CAR-T cohort
Pre-1	19–60	ALL		yes	CD19		IIV4	376	5	236
Pre-2	19–60	NHL	≤24		CD19		IIV4	552	<1	103
Pre-3	61–75	NHL	≤24	yes	CD19		IIV4	592	<1	123
Pre-4	61–75	NHL		yes	CD19		IIV3-HD	202	<1	113
Pre-5	19–60	MM	>24		BCMA		IIV4	46	47	433
Pre-6*	61–75	MM		yes	BCMA		IIV4	21	21	470
Pre-7*	61–75	MM	>24	yes	BCMA		IIV4	591	87	436
Post-CAR-T cohort
Post-1*	10–18	ALL	>24		CD19	1–2	NK	264	2	1078
Post-2*	10–18	ALL			CD19	>2	NK	653	387	742
Post-3*	19–60	ALL	>24		CD19	1–2	IIV4	823	401	392
Post-4	19–60	ALL	>24		CD19	1–2	ccIIV4	371	0	176
Post-5	19–60	ALL	>24		CD19	>2	IIV4	310	<1	152
Post-6*	19–60	CLL			CD19	>2	ccIIV4	334	14	488
Post-7	61–75	CLL			CD19	>2	IIV4	217	<1	480
Post-8	61–75	CLL			CD19	1–2	IIV3-HD	286	3	332
Post-9	19–60	NHL			CD19	1–2	IIV4	527	<1	394
Post-10	19–60	NHL			CD19	1–2	IIV4	416	1	353
Post-11	19–60	NHL	>24		CD19	>2	IIV4	447	95	504
Post-12	61–75	NHL			CD19	1–2	IIV4	364	207	303
Post-13*	61–75	NHL			CD19	>2	ccIIV4	189	0	501
Post-14	61–75	NHL			CD19	1–2	IIV	324	<1	304
Post-15*	61–75	MM	>24		BCMA	1–2	aIIV3	290	165	317

For de-identification, certain continuous variables were grouped and other variables are provided as summary measures in the manuscript text. All but two participants were white. Additional information is provided in Tables S1 and S2. Blank fields indicate not applicable. NK indicates not known. Baseline is defined as the day of the baseline blood sample prior to vaccination.

ALL indicates acute lymphoblastic leukemia; CAR-Tx, CAR-T-cell therapy; CLL, chronic lymphocytic leukemia; HCT, hematopoietic cell transplant; mAb, B-cell lineage targeted monoclonal antibody; MM, multiple myeloma; NHL, non-Hodgkin lymphoma; NK, not known.

Vaccine abbreviations: IIV3, trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine; IIV4, quadrivalent inactivated influenza vaccine; HD, high dose; cc, cell culture based; a, adjuvant.

¹Individuals with an antibody response to at least one vaccine strain are indicated with a *.

²All individuals in the pre-CAR-T cohort had relapsed/refractory disease at baseline. All individuals in the post-CAR-T cohort had complete remission or very good partial remission at baseline.

³Autologous HCT in 4 individuals in the pre-CAR-T cohort and in 1 individual in the post-CAR-T cohort. Allogeneic HCT in 4 individuals in the post-CAR-T cohort.

⁴Monoclonal antibodies were: blinatumomab, rituximab/polatuzumab or daratumumab.

⁵One individual with NHL received a CD20 targeted CAR-T-cell therapy but is indicated with CD19 for confidentiality.

⁶Vaccine strains were A/Brisbane/02/2018 (H1N1)pdm09-like virus, A/Kansas/14/2017 (H3N2)-like virus, B/Colorado/06/2017-like virus (B/Victoria/2/87 lineage) for IIV3, with the addition of a B/Phuket/3073/2013-like virus (B/Yamagata/16/88 lineage) for IIV4.

⁷Lower limit of normal; IgG, 610 mg/dL; CD19⁺ B-cells, 100 cells/μL; CD4⁺ T-cells, 500 cells/μL.

⁸For IgG MM, total IgG was estimated by subtracting the monoclonal component from the gamma region of serum protein electrophoresis. Four individuals received IGRT 3–4 months prior to baseline (Table S2) and had IgG levels between 25 and 450 mg/dL.