Autophagy in BAT is required for thermogenesis in chronic cold exposure
(A) Representative blots and densitometry of autophagy proteins in BAT of control and Atg5cKO mice housed at TN (30°C) or in cold (4°C) for 72 h.
(B) Body temperature of control and Atg5cKO mice housed at TN or in cold for 72 h.
(C) Electron microscopic images showing damaged mitochondria in cold-exposed Atg5cKO mice. Scale bars: 2 μm (10,000×) and 0.5 μm (25,000×).
(D) Immunoblots and densitometry showing increased level of protein carbonyls in cold-exposed Atg5cKO mice.
(E) Representative immunoblots and densitometry showing mitochondrial proteins.
(F) Immunoblots showing autophagy proteins in mitochondrial fraction of BAT.
(G) Representative immunoblots and densitometry of proteins involved in lipolysis and PRKAA pathway in BAT.
(H) Seahorse analysis of OCR in primary brown adipocytes transfected with control or Atg5 siRNA for 48 h before analysis. Statistical significance shows as ∗p < 0.05 and ∗∗∗∗p < 0.0001.
See also Figure S1.