Brain areas showing positive activity for encoding (new words) versus baseline, by using fixed-effects analyses. Positive activity is found in the left inferior frontal gyrus, bilateral middle frontal gyrus, nucleus lentiformis, left motor cortex, and anterior cingulate cortex. Z-values of 3.0–4.7 correspond with changing brain activation colors from red to yellow, respectively. The right side of the brain on the image corresponds with the left hemisphere, and vice versa.