Fig 2.

A and B, Patient 4. Angiogram with arterial (A) and venous (B) phase images showing a CCF with retrograde cortical venous drainage (black arrows and white arrowhead). Notice the separation of the cortical veins due to the intracerebral hematoma identified in a previous MR image (not shown). In this case, a covered stent was used because the fistula was too small to accept a balloon. C, Control poststent graft deployment (white arrows). There is complete occlusion of the fistula. D, Fifteen-month control angiogram demonstrates persistent occlusion of the fistula with minimal intrastent intimal hyperplasia (black arrow), which remained stable in the 42-month angiographic follow-up (not shown).