Table 1.
Summary of the design of dendrimer-based hybrid photomedicine for biomedical applications.
| Dendrimer-based hybrids | Functional components | Applications | Tumor types | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Metal and metal sulfide nanocomposites | G5 PAMAM dendrimer, Au NFs and Fe3O4 | MR/PA/CT imaging, PTT/RT | 4T1 tumors | [49] |
| G3 PAMAM dendrimer, RGD, AuNSs and siRNA | CT imaging, PTT/Gene therapy | U87MG tumors | [48] | |
| G5 PAMAM dendrimer, CuS, Pt, or Pd | PTT | MDA-MB-231 tumors | [50] | |
| G5 PAMAM dendrimer, CuS, 1,3-PS, RGD and pDNA-HIC1 | PA imaging, PTT/Gene therapy | MDA-MB-231 tumors | [61] | |
| G2-G4 PAMAM dendrimer, Au NRs | PTT | Colon carcinoma tumors | [62] | |
| G4 PAMAM dendrimer, Au NRs, PEG and DOX | PTT/Chemotherapy | Colon carcinoma tumors | [63] | |
| G5 PAMAM dendrimer, Au DSNRs | PTT | PC-9 tumors | [64] | |
| G5 PAMAM dendrimer, MoS2 and siRNA | PTT/Gene therapy | 4T1 tumors | [65] | |
| Small molecular complexes | G3 PAMAM dendrimer, PEG, Ce6 and ICG | PTT/PDT | 4T1 tumors | [66] |
| G4 PAMAM dendrimer, GO, PLL and miR-21i | PTT/Gene therapy | MDA-MB-231 tumors | [67] | |
| Carbon nanohybrids | G4 PPI dendrimer, Pc, LOGr and LHRH | Fluorescence imaging, PTT/PDT | A780/AD cells in vitro | [68] |
| Functional upconversion nanoparticles | G4 PAMAM dendrimer, UCNPs and Ce6 | PDT | MCF-7 cells in vitro/4T1 tumors | [69] |
| G5 PAMAM dendrimer, UCNPs, FA and DOX | Fluorescence imaging, light-triggered drug release | KB cells in vitro | [70] |
Abbreviations: 1,3-PS, 1,3-propane sultone; Au DSNRs, dendrimer-stabilized gold nanorods; Au NFs, Au nanoflowers; Au NSs, Au nanostars; Ce6, chlorin e6; CT, computed tomography; CuS, copper sulfide; DOX, doxorubicin; FA, folate; G, generation, GO, graphene oxide; ICG, indocyanine green; LHRH, luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone; LOGr, low-oxygen graphene; miR-21i, anti-miR-21 oligonucleotide; MR, magnetic resonance; PA, photoacoustic; PAMAM, poly (amidoamine); Pc, phthalocyanine; Pd, palladium; pDNA-HIC1, plasmid DNA-encoding hypermethylation in cancer 1; PDT, photodynamic therapy; PEG, polyethylene glycol; PLL, poly (L-lysine); PPI, polypropylenimine; Pt, platinum; PTT, photothermal therapy; RGD, Arg-Gly-Asp; RT, radiation therapy; UCNPs, upconversion nanoparticles.