Table 2: Barriers and Solutions to the Large-scale Deployment of Digital Health-based Care in Cardiology.

	Barriers[4]	Solutions[5]
Stakeholder resistance to adopt digital care	Lack of awareness of, and confidence among patients, citizens and healthcare professionals. Regional differences in accessing ICT services, including limited access in deprived areas.	Patient digital health education programmes. Redesign contemporary workflow models.
Legal, ethical and technical barriers	Lack of inter-operability between digital solutions. Lack of legal clarity for health and wellbeing mobile applications and the lack of transparency regarding the use of data collected by such applications.	Assure interoperability of digital health services. European-wide digital health certification programmes. Assure compliance to digital health directives.
Lack of reimbursement	Inadequate or fragmented legal frameworks for reimbursement. High start-up costs. Limited large-scale evidence of cost-effectiveness.	Encourage economical evaluations of digital health-based care. Inform health insurance industry and policy makers. Stimulate digital health-related knowledge and experience sharing.

ICT = Information and communications technology.