Table 4.

Classification of non-tuberculous mycobacteria based on time to growth.

Classification	Time to Growth	Major Groups	Common Species	Growth Requirements	Common Clinical Syndromes
Rapidly Growing	<7 days	M. fortuitum[125]	M. fortuitum M. peregrinum M. senegalense M. setense M. porcinum M. houstonense M. boenickei M. brisbanense M. neworleansense	35°–37 °C	SSTI Skeletal infection
		M. chelonae/abscessus[126]	M. chelonae M. salmoniphilum Subspecies of M. abscessus: M. bolleti M. massiliense M. abscessus		SSTI Skeletal infection Disseminated infection Pulmonary disease
		M. mucogenicum[127]	M. mucogenicum M. aubagnense M. phocaicum		Bacteremia in ICH
		Late pigmenting RGM	M. smegmatis M. goodii		Pneumonia Prosthetic valve endocarditis
		Early pigmenting RGM	M. flavescens M. neoaurum M. vaccae M. canariasense M. cosmeticum M. monacense M. thermoresistibile M. bacteremicum M. iranicum		BSI Prosthetic valve endocarditis SSTI Skeletal infection
		Non-pigmenting RGM	M. mageritense M. wolinskyi		SSTI CIED Infection
Slow Growing [128]	>7 days	MAC	M. intracellulare M. avium	35°–37 °C	Pulmonary disease Lymphadenitis Skeletal infection Disseminated infection Hypersensitivity pneumonitis
			M. szulgai M. malmoense M. scrofulaceum		SSTI Pulmonary disease Skeletal infection Disseminated infection Cervical lymphadenopathy
			M. kansasii		Skeletal infections Disseminated infection Pulmonary disease
		M. simiae	M. simiae M. lentiflavum		Disseminated infection
		M. terrae/nonchromogenicum	M. arupense M. kumamotonense M. heraklionense M. longobardum		Skeletal infections
			M. haemophilum	28°–30 °C requires hemin or iron	SSTI Lymphadenitis
			M. genavense		Colitis in ICH
			M. xenopi	42°–45 °C	Pulmonary disease Skeletal infection
			M. ulcerans		SSTI: “Buruli ulcer”
			M. marinum	28°–30 °C	SSTI Skeletal infection “Fish tank Granuloma”
			M. gordonae	35°–37 °C

Abbreviations: BSI – Blood Stream Infection, CIED – Cardiovascular Implantable Electronic Device, ICH – Immunocompromised Host, MAC – Mycobacterium Avium Complex, RGM – Rapid Growing Mycobacteria, SSTI – Skin and Soft Tissue Infection.