Table 6.
Drugs with microbiologic activity for NTM demonstrated in human clinical disease or in vitro.
| Isolate (s) | Drugs |
|---|---|
| Slow Growing NTM | |
| MAC | Human: AMK [129] AZ [130] CFZ [131] CLR [132] BDQ [133] EMB [130] RIF [130] RFB [130] SM [134] LZD [135] MOX [136] Micro: CTZ/AV [137] ETO [138] TIG [139] TZD [140] |
| M. kansasii | Human: CLR [141] EMB [142] INH [142] LFX [143] RIF [142] RFB [144] SM [142] Micro: AMK [145] AZ [146] BDQ [146] CFZ [146] CIP [145] DLM [146] LFX [146] LZD [146] MOX [146] SMX [145] TIG [146] TZD [140] |
| M. marinum | Human: AMK [147] CLR [148] DOX [148] EMB [149] MIN [148] RIF [149] RFB [150] SMX/TMP [151] Micro: CPX [152] IMI [152] INH [152] LVX [152] LZD [153] MOX [152] TZD [140] |
| M. leprae | Human: CFZ [154] CLR [155] DAP [156] MIN [154] MOX [157] OFX [154] RIF [158] Micro: LFX [159] |
| Rapid Growing NTM | |
| MABC | Human: AMK [160] AZ [160] BDQ [133] CFX [160] CFZ [161] CLR [160] CPX [162] DOX [163] IMI [161] LZD [120] MOX [162] TIG [164] Micro: ERA [165] OMA [165] LZD [166] TZD [140] |
| M. chelonae | Human: AMK [167] AZ [168] CFZ [169] CLR [170] CPX [171] DOX [172] IMI [173] LFX [174] LZD [175] SMX [176] TIG [164] TOB [177] Micro: MIN [125] OMA [178] TDZ [140] |
| MFCa | Human: AZ [179] AMK [180] CLR [181] DOX [182] IMI [173] LFX [183] MIN [184] OFX [180] SMX/TMP [185] Micro: CFX [186] MOX [187] LZD [166] OMA [178] TIG [188] TOB [189] TZD [140] |
| MSGa | Human: AMK [190] CFX [190] DOX [190] IMI [190] SMX/TMP [190] TOBb[190] Micro: CLR [191] CPX [191] EMB [191] CFZ [192] TZD [140] |
| M. immunogenum | Human: AMK [193] CLR [194] Micro: AMK [195] CLR [195] LZD [140] TIG [188] TZD [140] |
| M. mucogenicum | Human: AMK [196] AZ [196] CIP [196] CLR [196] LFX [197] MFX [198] Micro: AMX [127] AMX/CLV [197] CFX [199] CPX [199] DOX [199] IMI [199] LZD [198] MIN [199] SMX/TMP [199] |
Abbreviations: AMK – amikacin, AMX/CLV – amoxicillin/clavulanate, AZ – azithromcyin, BDQ – bedaquiline, CFX – cefoxitin, CFZ – clofazimine, CLR – clarithromycin, CPX – ciprofloxacin, CTZ/AV – ceftazidime/avibactam, DAP – dapsone, DOX – doxycycline, DLM – delaminid, EMB – ethambutol, ERA-eravacycline, ETO – ethionamide, IMP – imipenem, INH – isoniazid, LFX – levofloxacin, LZD – linezolid, MIN – minocycline, MFX – moxifloxacin, OFX – oflaxacin, OMA-omadacycline, RFB – rifabutin, RIF – rifampin, SM – streptomycin, SMX – sulfamethoxazole, TIG – tigecycline, TOB – tobramycin, TMP – trimethoprim, TZD – tedizolid.
MABC – Mycobacterium Abscessus Complex (M. abscessus, M. massiliense, M. bolettii), MAC – Mycobacterium Avium Complex (M. avium, M. intrellulare, M. chimaera), MFC – Mycobacterium Fortuitum Complex (M. alvei, M. boenickei, M. conceptionense, M. farcinogenes, M. fortuitum, M. mageritense, M. neworleans, M. peregrinum, M. porcinum group (includes M. porcinum, M. bonickei, M. houstonense, M. neworleansense), M. senegalense, M. septicum)), MSG – Mycobacterium Smegmatis Group (M. smegmatis, M. wolinski, M. goodii).
aM. fortuitum, M. abscessus subspecies abscessus, and M. abscessus subspecies bolletii, and M. smegmatis have the erm gene for inducible macrolide resistance which should be tested for if considering macrolide [200].
bM. wolinksy isolates intrinsically resistant to tobramycin [191].