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. 2021 May 20;21:884. doi: 10.1186/s12889-021-10810-z

Table 5.

Quality assessment

No. Author(s), publication year Risk of bias arising from the randomization process Risk of bias due to deviations from the intended interventions (effect of assignment to intervention) Risk of bias due to missing outcomes data Risk of bias in measurement of the outcome Risk of bias in selection of the reported result Overall risk of bias
3 Brewer et al., 2016 Low Low Low Low Low Low
4 Brewer et al., 2019 Low Low Low Low Low Low
8 Fathelrahman et al., 2010 Low Some concerns Low Low Low Some concerns
10 Glock & Kneer, 2009 Low Low Low Low Low Low
15 Hall et al., 2018 Low Low Low Low Low Low
23 McQueen et al., 2015 High Low Low Low Low High
28 Parada et al., 2017 Low Low Some concerns Low Low Some concerns
30 Popova & Ling, 2014 Low Low Low Low Low Low
31 Schneider et al., 2012 Low Low Low Low Low Low

RoB2