Fig. 3.

Reports of 275 species that occupied an unusual area (distribution change), or shifted in number (abundance change) were attributed to a reduction in human activities. Changes in species distributions were observed around the world as qualitative observations (Appendix 3, Table A3, albeit with biases in effort such as greater coverage in the Northern Hemisphere and South Africa), and based on empirical data of time series surveys and bio-logging data using statistical modeling to quantify change. Only changes that were attributed to the lockdown with high confidence are included here (Appendix 4, Table A4). Bubble size represents data density (the largest bubble represents 41–60 observations and the smallest is 1–20).

Reports of 275 species that occupied an unusual area (distribution change), or shifted in number (abundance change) were attributed to a reduction in human activities. Changes in species distributions were observed around the world as qualitative observations (Appendix 3, Table A3, albeit with biases in effort such as greater coverage in the Northern Hemisphere and South Africa), and based on empirical data of time series surveys and bio-logging data using statistical modeling to quantify change. Only changes that were attributed to the lockdown with high confidence are included here (Appendix 4, Table A4). Bubble size represents data density (the largest bubble represents 41–60 observations and the smallest is 1–20).