Table 3.
Univariate analysis of patients infected with H1N1pdm 6B.1 parental and 6B.1 variant viruses of Baltimore and Northern Taiwan in the 2015–16 season.
| Characteristic | 6B.1 Parental (n = 26) N (%)/median (IQR) | 6B.1 Variant (n = 23) N (%)/median (IQR) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics | |||
| Site | |||
| JHMI | 22 (84.6) | 0 (0) | <0.0001* |
| CGMH | 4 (15.4) | 23 (100.0) | |
| Age | |||
| In years | 33 (29–44) | 35 (29–44) | 0.75a |
| 18–49 | 20 (76.9) | 20 (87.0) | 0.47 |
| 50–64 | 5 (19.2) | 1 (4.3) | 0.19 |
| 65+ | 1 (3.8) | 2 (8.7) | 0.59 |
| Gender | |||
| Female | 14 (53.8) | 17 (73.9) | 0.24 |
| Male | 12 (46.2) | 6 (26.1) | |
| Ethnicity | |||
| Non-Hispanic or Latino | 24 (92.3) | 23 (100.0) | 0.49 |
| Hispanic or Latino | 2 (7.7) | 0 (0) | |
| Race | |||
| Black or African American | 16 (61.5) | 0 (0) | <0.0001* |
| White | 1 (3.8) | 0 (0) | 0.99 |
| Asian | 4 (15.4) | 23 (100.0) | <0.0001* |
| Other | 5 (19.3) | 0 (0) | 0.08 |
| Vaccination and exposure | |||
| Human exposure | 4 (15.4) | 7 (30.4) | 0.36 |
| Travel in last 30 days | 3 (11.5) | 6 (26.1) | 0.35 |
| Influenza vaccine | 6 (23.1) | 2 (8.7) | 0.33 |
| Co-morbidities and high risk | |||
| No co-morbidities | 11 (42.3) | 15 (65.2) | 0.15 |
| One co-morbidity | 8 (30.8) | 7 (30.4) | 0.99 |
| Multiple co-morbidities | 7 (26.9) | 1 (4.3) | 0.05 |
| Immunosuppressive medication | 1 (3.8) | 0 (0) | 0.99 |
| Pregnant | 1 (3.8) | 0 (0) | 0.99 |
| Disease severity | |||
| NEWS score | 3 (0–6) | 3 (0–6) | 0.57a |
| Oxygen supplementation | 2 (7.7) | 0 (0) | 0.49 |
| BiPAP/CPAP | 1 (3.8) | 0 (0) | 0.49 |
| Intubated | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0.99 |
| Pneumonia | 3 (11.5) | 4 (17.4) | 0.69 |
| Admitted or observation | 4 (15.4) | 2 (8.7) | 0.67 |
| LOS | 6.5 (1–12) | 6.0 (3–9) | 0.67a |
| ICU | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0.99 |
| Death | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0.99 |
| Follow-up due to sequala | 2 (7.7) | 1 (4.3) | 0.99 |
| Viral co-infection | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0.99 |
| Symptoms | |||
| Fever | 24 (92.3) | 23 (100.0) | 0.49 |
| Cough | 25 (96.2) | 23 (100.0) | 0.99 |
| Sputum | 15 (57.7) | 17 (73.9) | 0.37 |
| Increased sputum | 10 (38.5) | 7 (30.4) | 0.77 |
| Shortness of breath | 20 (76.9) | 15 (65.2) | 0.53 |
| Wheezing | 12 (46.2) | 4 (17.4) | 0.04* |
| Headache | 23 (88.5) | 17 (73.9) | 0.27 |
| Sore throat | 19 (73.1) | 20 (87.0) | 0.3 |
| Body aches | 24 (92.3) | 19 (82.6) | 0.4 |
| Runny nose | 17 (65.4) | 20 (87.0) | 0.1 |
| Sinus pain | 11 (42.3) | 2 (8.7) | 0.01* |
| Fatigue | 22 (84.6) | 21 (91.3) | 0.67 |
| Chest pain | 19 (73.1) | 11 (47.8) | 0.08 |
| Chills | 21 (80.8) | 17 (73.9) | 0.73 |
| Loss of appetite | 20 (76.9) | 16 (69.6) | 0.75 |
| Nausea/vomiting | 19 (73.1) | 9 (39.1) | 0.02* |
| Diarrhea | 7 (26.9) | 3 (13.0) | 0.3 |
| Conjunctivitis | 8 (30.8) | 3 (13.0) | 0.18 |
Statistical analysis was done using R software.
Categorical variables were compared using chi-square or Fisher's exact tests.
a
Continuous variables were compared with rank-sum test.
*
Statistical significance was set at P < 0.05 and was represented in Bold and Italics.