TABLE 4.
Respiratory morbidity, need for intensive care and mortality of patients hospitalised in France for COVID-19 (1 March 2020 to 30 April 2020): comparison between patients with and without chronic respiratory disease (CRD) (disjunctive variables using prioritisation#)
| CF | Lung cancer | COPD | Asthma | Pulmonary sarcoidosis | ILDs | Emphysema | Sleep apnoea | PH | CRF | No CRD | |
| Patients | 20 (0.1) | 977 (6.8) | 4682 (32.6) | 2973 (20.7) | 138 (1.0) | 1385 (9.7) | 794 (5.5) | 2623 (18.3) | 230 (1.6) | 529 (3.7) | |
| Pulmonary embolism | 0 (0) | 44 (4.5)¶ | 142 (3.0) | 106 (3.6) | 8 (5.8) | 81 (5.9)¶ | 58 (7.3)¶ | 112 (4.3)¶ | 27 (11.7)¶ | 12 (2.3) | 3.3 |
| VAP | 1 (5.0) | 49 (5.0)+ | 445 (9.5)¶ | 323 (10.9)¶ | 26 (18.8)¶ | 277 (20.0)¶ | 132 (16.6)¶ | 517 (19.7)¶ | 33 (14.4)¶ | 39 (7.4) | 7.9 |
| Pneumocystis pneumonia | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Aspergillosis pneumonia | 1 (5.0)¶ | 1 (0.1) | 32 (0.7)¶ | 15 (0.5)¶ | 0 (0.0) | 13 (0.9)¶ | 6 (0.8)¶ | 8 (0.3) | 1 (0.5) | 3 (0.6) | 0.2 |
| Pleural empyema | 0 (0) | 6 (0.6)¶ | 3 (0.1) | 2 (0.1) | 1 (0.7) | 3 (0.2) | 2 (0.3) | 2 (0.1) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0.1 |
| Lung abscess | 0 (0) | 6 (0.6)¶ | 2 (0.0) | 2 (0.1) | 0 (0) | 9 (0.7)¶ | 6 (0.8)¶ | 2 (0.1) | 0 (0) | 1 (0.2) | 0.1 |
| Pneumothorax | 1 (5.0) | 10 (1.0)¶ | 25 (0.5)¶ | 13 (0.4) | 1 (0.7) | 23 (1.7)¶ | 26 (3.3)¶ | 19 (0.7)¶ | 2 (0.9) | 3 (0.6) | 0.3 |
| ARF | 3 (15.0) | 344 (35.2)¶ | 1845 (39.4)¶ | 853 (28.7)¶ | 43 (31.2) | 632 (45.6)¶ | 297 (37.4)¶ | 1068 (40.7)¶ | 99 (43.0)¶ | 203 (38.4)¶ | 25.2 |
| ICU | 2 (10.0) | 117 (12.0)+ | 960 (20.5)¶ | 570 (19.2)¶ | 47 (34.1)¶ | 453 (32.7)¶ | 213 (26.8)¶ | 851 (32.4)¶ | 59 (25.7)¶ | 91 (17.2) | 14.9 |
| In-hospital death | 0 (0) | 402 (41.2)¶ | 1163 (24.8)¶ | 266 (9.0)+ | 29 (21.0) | 296 (21.4)¶ | 147 (18.5) | 466 (17.8)¶ | 64 (27.8)¶ | 152 (28.7)¶ | 16.1 |
Data are presented as n (%) or %. CF: cystic fibrosis; COPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; ILD: interstitial lung disease; PH: pulmonary hypertension; CRF: chronic respiratory failure; VAP: ventilator-associated pneumonia; ARF: acute respiratory failure; ICU: intensive care unit. #: each CRD patient was classified in only one single CRD category (when there were several CRD codes on the discharge abstract of a patient, we decided to prioritise in order to retain only one, using the following order: CF with pulmonary manifestations, lung cancer, COPD, asthma, pulmonary sarcoidosis, ILDs, emphysema, sleep apnoea, PH and CRF); ¶: significantly more frequent in the CRD group compared with the group with no CRD (p<0.05); +: significantly less frequent in the CRD group compared with the group with no CRD (p<0.05).