Table 2.

Relative differences in the plaque size in aortic arch and sinus of arsenical-treated ${\text{apoE}}^{-/-}$ mice relative to their control counterparts and associated 95% confidence intervals (CIs), adjusted for sex.

Exposure groups	Lesion area
	Percentage of total archa		Percentage of aortic sinusb		Aortic sinus (${\mathrm{mm}}^2$)c
	Relative difference (95% CI)	$p$-Value	Relative difference (95% CI)	$p$-Value	Relative difference (95% CI)	$p$-Value
${\text{NaAsO}}_2$	2.6 (0.5, 4.6)	0.01	3.4 (0.1, 6.8)	0.04	0.02 ($-0.02$, 0.05)	0.40
${\text{MMA}}^{\text{III}}$	10.4 (7.5, 13.2)	$<0.001$	9.6 (5.1, 14.1)	$<0.001$	0.07 (0.02, 0.12)	$<0.01$
${\text{MMA}}^{\mathrm{V}}$	7.7 (5.1, 10.3)	$<0.001$	3.7 ($-0.6$, 8.1)	0.09	0.01 ($-0.04$, 0.05)	0.69
${\text{DMA}}^{\mathrm{V}}$	8.4 (5.7, 11.0)	$<0.001$	6.9 (2.2, 11.5)	$<0.01$	0.06 (0.01, 0.10)	0.02

Note: Models were fitted using simple mixed regression models to control for the intra-litter correlation, and sex was included as a covariate. All exposure groups were compared with the unexposed (control) group for each outcome separately. The corresponding data distribution is depicted in Figures 1B and 2B,E. Number of ${\text{apoE}}^{-/-}$ litters $\left(N\right)=\text{Control}$: 12, ${\text{NaAsO}}_2$: 9, ${\text{MMA}}^{\text{III}}$: 4, ${\text{MMA}}^{\mathrm{V}}$: 5; ${\text{DMA}}^{\mathrm{V}}$: 5. ${\text{DMA}}^{\mathrm{V}}$, cacodylic acid; ${\text{MMA}}^{\text{III}}$, monomethylarsonous acid; ${\text{MMA}}^{\mathrm{V}}$, disodium methyl arsonate hexahydrate; ${\text{NaAsO}}_2$, sodium arsenite.

^aPercentage of oil red O-stained area over the total arch area.

^bPercentage of oil red O-stained lesion area over the total sinus area.

^cAbsolute lesion area as measured by oil red O staining.