Figure 3.

Prevention of UTI meta-analysed outcomes.

^a Risk of bias: A = random sequence generation (selection bias); B = allocation concealment (selection bias); C = blinding of participants and personnel (performance bias); D = blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias); E = incomplete outcome data (attrition bias); F = selective reporting (reporting bias); and G = other bias. df = degrees of freedom. CI = confidence interval. IV = inverse variance. Log = natural logarithm. RR = rate ratio. SE = standard error. UTI = urinary tract infection.