Table 3. Covariance analyses (ANCOVA) carried out on each trait to evaluate the effect of genotype (G), nitrogen (N), thermal time (TT), interaction between genotype and nitrogen (GxN) and between nitrogen and thermal time (NxTT).

Trait	Type	Transformation	Genotype	Nitrogen	Thermal time	G x N	N x TT
TDB	PA	log	0.01 (**)	0.82 (***)	0.17 (***)	0 (ns)	0 (ns)
RDB	PA	log	0.01 (ns)	0.78 (***)	0.2 (***)	0 (ns)	0 (ns)
LA	PA	log	0 (**)	0.92 (***)	0.07 (***)	0 (ns)	0 (ns)
RS	PA	log	0.02 (ns)	0.87 (***)	0.04 (ns)	0.03 (ns)	0.02 (ns)
RTD	PA	none	0.03 (ns)	0.49 (*)	0.11 (ns)	0.08 (ns)	0.22 (ns)
NUtE	PA	log	0.01 (ns)	0.64 (***)	0.32 (***)	0 (ns)	0.02 (*)
NUpE	PA	none	0.08 (ns)	0.58 (**)	0.18 (ns)	0.09 (ns)	0.01 (ns)
CC	PA	none	0.11 (ns)	0.6 (**)	0.21 (*)	0.02 (ns)	0 (ns)
NC	PA	none	0.01 (*)	0.67 (***)	0.31 (***)	0 (ns)	0 (ns)
Dmin	RSA	none	0.46 (***)	0.06 (ns)	0.35 (*)	0.04 (ns)	0.03 (ns)
Dmax	RSA	none	0.09 (**)	0.52 (***)	0.3 (***)	0.02 (ns)	0.06 (*)
IBD	RSA	none	0.05 (**)	0.75 (***)	0.14 (**)	0.02 (ns)	0.03 (ns)
DlDm	RSA	none	0.16 (**)	0.54 (***)	0.22 (**)	0.04 (ns)	0.01 (ns)
VarD	RSA	log	0.12 (*)	0.74 (***)	0 (ns)	0.08 (ns)	0.01 (ns)
ELT	RSA	none	0.23 (ns)	0.02 (ns)	0.02 (ns)	0.15 (ns)	0 (ns)

The number in each cell represents a quantification of the impact of the effect (ratio between the mean square of the effect and the total sum of squares). The column “Transformation” indicates which traits were log-transformed before covariance analyses. The number of stars indicates the significance level (***: pvalue < 0.001; **: pvalue < 0.01; *: pvalue < 0.05; ns: non-significant effect).