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. 2021 Apr 22;49(9):5017–5027. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkab275

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© The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Nucleic Acids Research.

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Figure 2. — We set t = 0 to the time when the gene promoter is translocated to a loop by a cohesin (cohesin A). (A) The linker chromatin between the promoter and the enhancer relaxes to the (local) equilibrium conformation in the relaxation process, 0 < t < t₀ (B). A new cohesin (cohesin B) is loaded at the enhancer and translocates chromatin units from the arm region (which has not been extruded by the new cohesin) to the loop region (which has been extruded by the cohesin) with a constant rate (C). The indexes of chromatin units (counted from the enhancer end of the linker chromatin), which are embraced by cohesin A and B, are shown as functions of time t (D).

Inline graphic — We set t = 0 to the time when the gene promoter is translocated to a loop by a cohesin (cohesin A). (A) The linker chromatin between the promoter and the enhancer relaxes to the (local) equilibrium conformation in the relaxation process, 0 < t < t₀ (B). A new cohesin (cohesin B) is loaded at the enhancer and translocates chromatin units from the arm region (which has not been extruded by the new cohesin) to the loop region (which has been extruded by the cohesin) with a constant rate (C). The indexes of chromatin units (counted from the enhancer end of the linker chromatin), which are embraced by cohesin A and B, are shown as functions of time t (D).