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. 2021 Apr 20;49(9):4944–4953. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkab240

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© The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Nucleic Acids Research.

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Figure 2. — Spt4/5 is a positive elongation factor that promotes Pol II bypass of the CTG•CAG tract and poly-A tract duplex DNA. (A) The CTG•CAG tract induces transcription pausing. (B) Mapping the positions of Pol II paused on the CTG tract duplex DNA. RNA markers are generated by using limited UTP (2 μM, lane 1), or ATP (2 μM, lane 3). The transcript sequence is shown on right. (C) Spt4/5 promotes Pol II bypass of the CTG tract duplex DNA. (D) Spt4/5 promotes Pol II bypass of the poly-A tract duplex DNA. Markers shown on the left are a MspI digest of pBR322 plasmid. Asterisk indicates transcripts from reconstituted ECs that did not ligate to the downstream naked DNA.