Table 4.
Foetal outcomes in women with AS and controls: hospital-based cohort
| Characteristic | With ASa (n = 27) | Without AS (n = 108) | p valueb |
|---|---|---|---|
| Low birth weight | 6 (22.2) | 9 (8.3) | 0.024 |
| Small-for-gestational-age | 3 (11.1) | 10 (9.3) | 0.723 |
| Neonatal weight, gc | 2,960.3 ± 523.8 | 3,065.3 ± 509.4 | 0.370 |
| Twin pregnancy | 5 (18.5) | 8 (7.4) | 0.016 |
| In vitro fertilisation | 4 (14.8) | 11 (10.2) | 0.500 |
| Fetal growth restriction | 2 (7.4) | 5 (4.6) | 0.597 |
| Congenital malformation | 1 (3.7) | 2 (1.9) | 0.491 |
| Fetal loss | 0 | 0 | - |
| 1 min Apgar score <4c | 1 (3.1) | 7 (6.1) | > 0.999 |
| 5 min Apgar score <7c | 1 (3.1) | 4 (3.5) | > 0.999 |
| Sex of child, femalec | 17 (53.1) | 63 (54.8) | 0.883 |
Values are presented as number (%) or mean ± SD.
AS, ankylosing spondylitis.
a
Among 21 women with AS, 6 had experienced two pregnancies.
b
p value calculated from regression models estimated using generalised estimating equations (GEEs) to account for the matched nature of the data.
c
Analysed by neonates and information of twins, pregnancies with AS (n = 32) and pregnancies without AS (n = 116).