Table 1.
Characteristics of the study participants with ileostomy
| All (n = 35) | Women (n = 18) | Men (n = 17) | p valuea | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| General characteristics and anthropometry | ||||
| Age (years) | 51.1 ± 2.4 | 50.8 ± 3.8 | 51.4 ± 3.0 | 0.898 |
| Height (cm) | 168.1 ± 1.3 | 162.7 ± 1.2 | 173.9 ± 1.4 | < 0.001 |
| Weight (kg) | 76.4 ± 3.1 | 68.3 ± 3.1 | 85.0 ± 4.9 | 0.006 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 26.9 ± 0.9 | 25.9 ± 1.2 | 28.0 ± 1.5 | 0.266 |
| Ileal fluids pH | 6.1 ± 0.1 | 6.1 ± 0.1 | 6.1 ± 0.1 | 0.908 |
| Ileal fluids net weight (g) | 234.6 ± 15.9 | 229.1 ± 15.4 | 240.5 ± 28.9 | 0.732 |
| PA energy expenditure (MET h/day)b | 21.6 ± 3.0 | 16.2 ± 1.8 | 27.3 ± 5.8 | 0.087 |
| Serum lipids | ||||
| Triglycerides (mmol/L) | 0.92 ± 0.08 | 0.92 ± 0.12 | 0.92 ± 0.12 | 0.840 |
| Total cholesterol (TC, mmol/L) | 3.52 ± 0.14 | 3.69 ± 0.19 | 3.33 ± 0.19 | 0.190 |
| LDL-cholesterol (mmol/L) | 1.94 ± 0.12 | 2.02 ± 0.17 | 1.86 ± 0.16 | 0.509 |
| HDL-cholesterol (mmol/L) | 1.16 ± 0.05 | 1.26 ± 0.04 | 1.05 ± 0.08 | 0.030 |
| LA (mg/mL) | 1.10 ± 0.04 | 1.16 ± 0.05 | 1.04 ± 0.05 | 0.131 |
| ALA (mg/mL) | 0.01 ± 0.00 | 0.01 ± 0.00 | 0.01 ± 0.00 | 0.245 |
| AA (mg/mL) | 0.28 ± 0.02 | 0.28 ± 0.02 | 0.27 ± 0.02 | 0.815 |
| EPA (mg/mL) | 0.01 ± 0.00 | 0.02 ± 0.00 | 0.01 ± 0.00 | 0.226 |
| DPA (mg/mL) | 0.01 ± 0.00 | 0.01 ± 0.00 | 0.01 ± 0.00 | 0.918 |
| DHA (mg/mL) | 0.03 ± 0.00 | 0.04 ± 0.01 | 0.02 ± 0.00 | 0.093 |
| Total PUFA (mg/mL)c | 1.45 ± 0.05 | 1.52 ± 0.07 | 1.37 ± 0.07 | 0.144 |
| n-6:n-3 ratiod | 28.67 ± 3.15 | 28.41 ± 4.62 | 28.93 ± 4.40 | 0.451 |
| Inflammatory status | ||||
| CRP (mg/L) | 3.30 ± 0.66 | 3.71 ± 1.18 | 2.87 ± 0.57 | 0.719 |
| Medications (mg/kg b.w./day) | ||||
| Antihistamine (n = 5; 2W, 3M) | 0.28 (0.15–0.42) | 0.29 (0.15–0.42) | 0.27 (0.21–0.35) | |
| Antidiarrheal (n = 5; 2W, 3M) | 0.22 (0.08–0.39) | 0.17 (0.16–0.17) | 0.25 (0.08–0.39) | |
| Antihypertensive (n = 4; 1W, 3M) | 1.42 (0.06–3.10) | 1.65 | 1.34 (0.06–3.10) | |
| Antacids (n = 7; 3W, 4M) | 0.43 (0.19–0.86) | 0.51 (0.42–0.66) | 0.38 (0.19–0.86) | |
| Antidepressant (n = 5; 2W, 3M) | 0.49 (0.24–1.07) | 0.39 (0.32–0.47) | 0.56 (0.24–1.07) | |
| Cholesterol lowering (n = 6; 2W, 4M) | 0.49 (0.33–0.66) | 0.62 (0.58–0.66) | 0.42 (0.33–0.51) |
BMI Body mass index, PA physical activity, LA linoleic acid, ALA alpha-linolenic acid, AA arachidonic acid, EPA eicosapentaenoic acid, DPA docosapentaenoic acid, DHA docosahexaenoic acid, PUFA polyunsaturated fatty acids, CRP C-reactive protein
Data are expressed as means ± SEM. Medications are expressed as means (range) of dosages (mg/kg body weight/day) taken by total (n) subjects; n women (W), n men (M)
ap < 0.05 in bold indicates significant difference between women and men, by Student’s t test or Mann-Whithney test depending on data normal distribution
bSelf-reported data collected using a validated physical activity (PA) questionnaire [39]
cTotal PUFA: sum of LA, ALA, AA, EPA, DPA, DHA
dn-6:n-3 ratio: (sum of LA and AA)/(sum of ALA, EPA, DPA and DHA)