Table 2.
Nutritional composition of habitual diets of all the study participants and by sexes
| All (n = 34) | Women (n = 18) | Men (n = 16) | p valuea | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Energy (kJ kcal) | 8292.8 ± 364.2 | 7176.5 ± 393.7 | 9548.7 ± 473.4 | < 0.001 |
| 1982.0 ± 87.1 | 1715.2 ± 94.1 | 2282.2 ± 113.1 | ||
| Carbohydrates (g) | 221.9 ± 9.3 | 195.8 ± 9.9 | 251.3 ± 13.0 | 0.002 |
| % Energy | 45.3 ± 1.0 | 46.2 ± 1.4 | 44.3 ± 1.4 | 0.334 |
| Dietary fiber (g) | 17.8 ± 0.8 | 17.7 ± 1.2 | 17.9 ± 1.0 | 0.914 |
| % Energy | 1.9 ± 0.1 | 2.1 ± 0.2 | 1.6 ± 0.1 | 0.006 |
| Proteins (g) | 85.5 ± 4.6 | 73.0 ± 5.4 | 99.5 ± 6.1 | 0.002 |
| % Energy | 17.4 ± 0.7 | 17.0 ± 0.8 | 17.9 ± 1.2 | 0.519 |
| Fats (g) | 79.7 ± 5.0 | 67.2 ± 5.4 | 93.7 ± 7.4 | 0.006 |
| % Energy | 35.4 ± 1.1 | 34.7 ± 1.6 | 36.2 ± 1.4 | 0.476 |
| SFA (g) | 30.2 ± 2.5 | 24.6 ± 2.7 | 36.5 ± 4.0 | 0.011 |
| MUFA (g) | 29.0 ± 1.9 | 23.9 ± 2.0 | 34.8 ± 2.6 | 0.002 |
| PUFA (g) | 12.4 ± 0.9 | 11.0 ± 1.1 | 13.9 ± 1.5 | 0.107 |
| Total n-3 FA (g) | 1.2 ± 0.2 | 1.0 ± 0.2 | 1.4 ± 0.4 | 0.325 |
| Total n-6 FA (g) | 5.8 ± 0.7 | 6.3 ± 1.0 | 5.3 ± 1.0 | 0.458 |
| Trans fats (g) | 1.1 ± 0.1 | 1.0 ± 0.2 | 1.1 ± 0.1 | 0.584 |
Data are expressed as mean ± SEM, obtained from self-reported 4-day food diaries
SFA saturated fatty acids, MUFA monounsaturated fatty acids, PUFA polyunsaturated fatty acids, n-3 FA omega-3 fatty acids, n-6 FA omega-6 fatty acids
ap < 0.05 in bold indicates significant difference between women and men, by Student’s t test