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. 2021 Jan 30;60(3):1796–1817. doi: 10.1007/s10943-021-01188-8

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 1 — Five profiles of patients with different levels of spiritual dimensions indicated by LPA. For presentation purposes, mean values of all indicators (i.e., dimensions of spirituality) were converted to standardized values (i.e., z-scores). Profile 1 = moderately positive and negative dimensions of spirituality; Profile 2 = moderately positive dimensions of spirituality; Profile 3 = predominantly negative dimensions of spirituality. Profile 4 = mixed dimensions of spirituality with the lowest level of positive religious coping. Profile 5 = highly positive dimensions of spirituality. POS = positive; NEG = negative; PERS = personal; SOC = social; ENV = environmental; REL = religious; SELF-FORG = self-forgiveness; FORG OTH = forgiveness of others; FORG GOD = feeling forgiven by God; GRAT = gratitude. N = 323