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. 2021 May 20;12:2739. doi: 10.1038/s41467-021-22977-5

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 10 — a Simultaneous observation of chloroplasts and nuclei in ECR-activated epidermis. The surface of Cfio-inoculated cotyledons of Col-0 was examined at 3 dpi. The chloroplasts and nuclei were visualized by chlorophyll autofluorescence and DAPI staining, respectively. DW was used as a control. The arrows indicate nuclei. b Simultaneous observation of chloroplasts and ER around nuclei in ECR-activated cells. The surface of Cfio-inoculated cotyledons of the transgenic plant line ER-ck expressing ER-CFP was observed at 3 dpi. The arrows indicate perinuclear ER. c Simultaneous observation of chloroplasts and nuclei in ECR-defective plants at 3 dpi. Cfio-inoculated cotyledons of CHUP1ox plants were investigated. DW was spotted onto chup1 mutant as a control. The arrows indicate nuclei. d The ratio of epidermal cells with surface nuclei was investigated at 3 dpi. A total of 100 cells in contact with the melanized appressorium were observed. Scale bar, 10 µm. The means and SE were calculated from three independent plants. Means not sharing the same letter are significantly different (P < 0.05, two-way ANOVA with Tukey’s HSD test).