Table 2.

Typical NPs platforms made by different materials for medical imaging

NPs	Size (nm)	Targeting material	Cell line	Imaging technology	Ref
MnO-TETT	6.7 ± 1.2	None	C6 glioma cells	Fluorescence/T1-MRI	[29]
PLGA-mPEG	151.1 ± 1.3	cRGD	SKOV-3 cells	US	[30]
USMO@MSNs	30–50	Dox	HeLa cells	MRI-guided chemotherapy	[31]
OINPs	300	Folate	SKOV3 ovarian cancer cells	US/PA	[32]
PEG-coated and Gd-loaded fluorescent silica	125.5 ± 9.9	YPSMA-1	LNCaP and PC3 prostate cancer cells	MRI/fluorescence imaging	[33]
SPIO/USPIO	50	None	4T1 murine breast cancer cells	MRI/MPI	[34]

US ultrasound, MSNs mesoporous silica nanoparticles, USMO ultrasmall manganese oxide, GEM Gemcitabine, OINPs oxygen/indocyanine green-loaded lipid nanoparticles, PA photoacoustic, MPI magnetic particle imaging, MRI magnetic resonance imaging, SPIO superparamagnetic iron oxide, USPIO ultra-small SPIO