Table 1.
Hemodynamics and arterial blood gas analysis.
| Control n = 8 |
Esmolol n = 8 |
p value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Heart Rate, beat/min | |||
| BL | 98 ± 11 | 90 ± 8 | 0.56 |
| 1 h | 190 ± 10 | 143 ± 11 | 0.02 |
| 2 h | 171 ± 10 | 135 ± 12 | 0.05 |
| 3 h | 167 ± 20 | 116 ± 13 | 0.05 |
| 4 h | 153 ± 19 | 108 ± 13 | 0.08 |
| Systolic arterial pressure, mmHg | |||
| BL | 116 ± 3 | 117 ± 4 | 0.82 |
| 1 h | 102 ± 5 | 104 ± 8 | 0.84 |
| 2 h | 101 ± 5 | 109 ± 6 | 0.37 |
| 3 h | 96 ± 3 | 110 ± 7 | 0.11 |
| 4 h | 93 ± 6 | 120 ± 4 | 0.004 |
| Mean arterial pressure, mmHg | |||
| BL | 97 ± 4 | 99 ± 4 | 0.73 |
| 1 h | 76 ± 4 | 86 ± 8 | 0.25 |
| 2 h | 83 ± 6 | 95 ± 5 | 0.14 |
| 3 h | 79 ± 6 | 93 ± 6 | 0.13 |
| 4 h | 76 ± 4 | 103 ± 5 | 0.002 |
| Diastolic arterial pressure, mmHg | |||
| BL | 84 ± 3 | 83 ± 5 | 0.89 |
| 1 h | 62 ± 3 | 75 ± 7 | 0.13 |
| 2 h | 72 ± 5 | 86 ± 5 | 0.08 |
| 3 h | 68 ± 6 | 83 ± 6 | 0.12 |
| 4 h | 63 ± 4 | 93 ± 5 | 0.001 |
| Right atrial pressure, mmHg | |||
| BL | 6 ± 1 | 6 ± 1 | 0.75 |
| 1 h | 9 ± 1 | 6 ± 1 | 0.11 |
| 2 h | 8 ± 1 | 7 ± 1 | 0.31 |
| 3 h | 7 ± 1 | 7 ± 1 | 0.47 |
| 4 h | 8 ± 1 | 6 ± 1 | 0.21 |
| Mean pulmonary artery pressure, mmHg | |||
| BL | 18 ± 2 | 19 ± 1 | 0.62 |
| 1 h | 21 ± 2 | 20 ± 2 | 0.65 |
| 2 h | 19 ± 2 | 20 ± 2 | 0.97 |
| 3 h | 12 ± 1 | 21 ± 1 | 0.30 |
| 4 h | 20 ± 1 | 21 ± 1 | 0.67 |
| Pulmonary Capillary Wedge Pressure, mmHg | |||
| BL | 10 ± 1 | 8 ± 1 | 0.40 |
| 1 h | 11 ± 2 | 9 ± 1 | 0.30 |
| 2 h | 10 ± 1 | 8 ± 0 | 0.18 |
| 3 h | 11 ± 1 | 11 ± 1 | 0.90 |
| 4 h | 11 ± 1 | 10 ± 1 | 0.40 |
| LV Cardiac Output, L/min | |||
| BL | 4 ± 0 | 4 ± 0 | 0.32 |
| 1 h | 4 ± 0 | 4 ± 0 | 0.85 |
| 2 h | 3 ± 0 | 3 ± 0 | 0.39 |
| 3 h | 3 ± 0 | 3 ± 0 | 0.1 |
| 4 h | 3 ± 0 | 3 ± 0 | 0.47 |
| Stroke volume, ml | |||
| BL | 46 ± 4 | 45 ± 5 | 0.82 |
| 1 h | 19 ± 2 | 25 ± 4 | 0.20 |
| 2 h | 19 ± 2 | 22 ± 2 | 0.45 |
| 3 h | 18 ± 4 | 26 ± 4 | 0.18 |
| 4 h | 20 ± 3 | 33 ± 6 | 0.09 |
| pH | |||
| BL | 7.48 ± 0 | 7.47 ± 0 | 0.79 |
| 2 h | 7.34 ± 0 | 7.38 ± 0 | 0.41 |
| 4 h | 7.40 ± 0 | 7.41 ± 0 | 0.70 |
| PaCO2, mmHg | |||
| BL | 38 ± 1 | 37 ± 1 | 0.35 |
| 2 h | 40 ± 1 | 40 ± 1 | 0.90 |
| 4 h | 40 ± 0 | 41 ± 2 | 0.77 |
| PaO2, mmHg | |||
| BL | 78 ± 6 | 79 ± 5 | 0.93 |
| 2 h | 111 ± 8 | 109 ± 9 | 0.90 |
| 4 h | 103 ± 13 | 111 ± 11 | 0. 63 |
| BE, mmol/L | |||
| BL | 5 ± 2 | 3 ± 1 | 0.45 |
| 2 h | −3 ± 2 | −2 ± 1 | 0.54 |
| 4 h | 1 ± 2 | 2 ± 2 | 0.71 |
| HCO3, mmol/L | |||
| BL | 29 ± 1 | 27 ± 1 | 0.36 |
| 2 h | 22 ± 2 | 25 ± 2 | 0.36 |
| 4 h | 25 ± 2 | 26 ± 1 | 0.68 |
Data are expressed as mean ± SEM. p values refer to Sidak's post hoc correction for multiple comparisons. BL, baseline; LV, left ventricle; PaO2, arterial partial pressure of oxygen; PaCO2, arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide; BE, base excess.