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. 2021 May 7;12:615998. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2021.615998

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Copyright © 2021 Zhu, Wang, Xie, Meng, Feng, Sun and Sun.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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R1 activates the BDNF/Akt/CREB signaling pathway to promote the recovery of neurological function. Representative images of immunoblotting (A) and quantification of the relative protein levels of BDNF (B), p-TrkB/TrkB (C), p-CREB/CREB (D) and (E) p-Akt/Akt in the infarct cortex region of the Sham, MCAO/R, R1, and MCAO/R + R1 groups on days 7 and 28 after MCAO surgery. n = 3 in each group. In situ MALDI MSI of glutamate (F), N-acetylaspatate (G) and K⁺ (H) (I-K) Quantitative measurement of the corresponding indicators in the ischemic cortex. Scale bar = 2 cm, n = 5 in each group. Data are expressed as the mean ± SD and were analyzed by ANOVA. ^# p< 0.05, ^## p< 0.01 vs. Sham group; ^* p< 0.05, **p< 0.01 vs. MCAO/R group.