TABLE 1.
Main signaling pathways involved in oxaliplatin-dependent alterations.
| Effects | Literature | |
| ABCs (ATP-binding cassettes) | Single nucleotide polymorphisms (e.g., rs717620, rs8187710, rs2231142 and rs1045642) inhibit the oxaliplatin efflux increasing its accumulation | Nichetti et al., 2019 |
| OCTs (organic cation transporters) | Epigenetic modification increases the oxaliplatin influx in resistant cells | Liu et al., 2016 |
| ROS (oxidative stress) | Overproduction/activation following mitochondrial impairment | Di Cesare Mannelli et al., 2012, 2013b, 2016; Massicot et al., 2013; De Monaco et al., 2014; Stankovic et al., 2020 |
| ATF3 (activating transcription factor 3) | Significant increase in the DRG neurons in oxaliplatin-treated rats | Di Cesare Mannelli et al., 2013a |
| cAMP | Increased production after oxaliplatin-treated SH-SY5Y | Morucci et al., 2015 |
| GAP-43 (growth associated protein 43) | Expression level down-regulation after oxaliplatin-treated SH-SY5Y | Morucci et al., 2015 |
| CD86 | Increased levels of protein expression after oxaliplatin-treated microglial cells | Branca et al., 2015 |
| CX3CL1 | Histone H4 acetylation in the CX3CL1 promoter region induces the up-regulation of the cytokine | Huang et al., 2016 |
| GFAP (glial fibrillary acidic protein) | Cell number increases both in spinal cord (dorsal horn) and brain cortex | Di Cesare Mannelli et al., 2013a, 2015 |
| Iba1 (ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1) | Cell number increases both in spinal cord (dorsal horn) and brain cortex | Di Cesare Mannelli et al., 2013a, 2015 |
| Resting → Activating state | Morphological shift from ramified/resting to activating microglia | Branca et al., 2015 |