TABLE 1.
Results of PACMANS and docking analysis to identify preferred cleavage sites by multiple proteases on SARS‐CoV‐2 spike protein. Sequences for SARS‐CoV‐2 spike protein cleavage sites by six proteases were identified by PACMANS and sorted by their PACMANS normalized score. Ranks are for each individual protease on spike protein, based on their normalized score and likelihood of cleavage (lower the rank number, higher likelihood of cleavage). The “/” indicates the hydrolytic site with amino acids on either side. Based on amino acid number, the region of the spike protein is also identified. Receptor binding domain (RBD), N‐terminal domain (N‐Term), fusion peptide (FP), connector domain (CD), and heptad repeat (HR)
| Rank | Normal score | Starting A.A. | Sequence | Region of spike protein | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| FURIN | 1 | 2.574 | 682 | RRAR/SVAS | S1/S2 SITE |
| FURIN | 2 | 1.992 | 454 | RLFR/KSNL | RBD |
| FURIN | 3 | 1.971 | 812 | PSKR/SFIE | S2' |
| FURIN | 4 | 1.699 | 75 | GTKR/FDNP | N‐TERM |
| FURIN | 6 | 1.63 | 354 | NRKR/ISNC | RBD |
| FURIN | 8 | 1.61 | 355 | RKRI/SNCV | RBD |
| FURIN | 11 | 1.491 | 243 | ALHR/SYLT | N‐TERM |
| FURIN | 13 | 1.478 | 343 | NATRFASV | RBD |
| FURIN | 14 | 1.452 | 762 | QLNR/ALTG | S2 |
| CATB | 1 | 1.121 | 542 | NFNG/LTGT | S1 |
| CATB | 6 | 1.046 | 520 | APAT/VCGP | RBD |
| CATB | 4 | 1.042 | 69 | HVSG/TNGT | N‐TERM |
| CATB | 8 | 1.033 | 440 | NLDS/KVGG | RBD |
| CATB | 7 | 1.029 | 410 | IAPG/QTGK | RBD |
| CATB | 9 | 1.015 | 262 | AAAYYVGY | N‐TERM |
| CATB | 11 | 0.999 | 763 | LNRA/LTGI | S2 |
| CATB | 12 | 0.998 | 498 | QPTN/GVGY | RBD |
| CATB | 14 | 0.982 | 826 | VTLA/DAGF | FP |
| CATB | 15 | 0.972 | 479 | PCNG/VEGF | RBD |
| CATB | 20 | 0.958 | 694 | AYTM/SLGA | S1/S2 |
| CATB | 26 | 0.933 | 1,093 | GVFV/SNGT | CD |
| CATK | 1 | 0.928 | 943 | SALG/KLQD | HR1 |
| CATB | 25 | 0.924 | 751 | NLLL/QYGS | HR1 |
| CATB | 24 | 0.922 | 490 | FPLQ/SYGF | RBD |
| CATV | 1 | 0.914 | 943 | SALG/KLQD | HR1 |
| CATS | 1 | 0.91 | 856 | NGLT/VLPP | S2 |
| CATB | 37 | 0.908 | 792 | PPIK/DFGG | S1/S2 |
| CATS | 2 | 0.899 | 516 | ELLH/APAT | RBD |
| CATL | 1 | 0.89 | 516 | ELLH/APAT | RBD |
| CATK | 2 | 0.884 | 1,139 | DPLQ/PELD | CD |
| CATK | 3 | 0.883 | 221 | SALE/PLVD | N‐TERM |
| CATB | 43 | 0.882 | 793 | PIKD/FGGF | S1/S2 |
| CATB | 32 | 0.877 | 766 | ALTG/IAVE | S1/S2 |
| CATS | 5 | 0.877 | 936 | DSLS/STAS | HR1 |
| CATK | 4 | 0.876 | 544 | NGLT/GTGV | S1 |
| CATL | 2 | 0.871 | 876 | ALLA/GTIT | S2 |
| CATS | 10 | 0.868 | 943 | SALG/KLQD | HR1 |
| CATB | 49 | 0.864 | 425 | LPDD/FTGC | RBD |
| CATV | 2 | 0.863 | 516 | ELLH/APAT | RBD |
| CATL | 3 | 0.861 | 856 | NGLT/VLPP | S2 |
| CATK | 5 | 0.861 | 946 | GKLQDVVN | HR1 |
| CATS | 11 | 0.86 | 697 | MSLGAENS | S1/S2 |
| CATS | 12 | 0.857 | 826 | VTLA/DAGF | FP |
| CATV | 3 | 0.851 | 856 | NGLT/VLPP | S2 |
| CATK | 7 | 0.85 | 697 | MSLG/AENS | S1/S2 |
| CATK | 8 | 0.845 | 187 | KNLR/EFVF | N‐TERM |
| CATB | 57 | 0.843 | 441 | LDSK/VGGN | RBD |
| CATK | 10 | 0.843 | 765 | RALT/GIAV | S2 |
| CATL | 5 | 0.84 | 943 | SALG/KLQD | HR1 |
| CATL | 4 | 0.839 | 697 | MSLG/AENS | S1/S2 |
| CATB | 65 | 0.832 | 470 | TEIY/QAGS | RBD |
| CATK | 12 | 0.83 | 46 | SVLH/STQD | N‐TERM |
| CATS | 17 | 0.822 | 46 | SVLH/STQD | N‐TERM |
| CATB | 70 | 0.82 | 496 | GFQP/TNGV | RBD |
| CATS | 25 | 0.812 | 221 | SALE/PLVD | N‐TERM |
| CATV | 7 | 0.808 | 697 | MSLGAENS | S1/S2 |
| CATK | 16 | 0.807 | 826 | VTLA/DAGF | FP |
| CATL | 7 | 0.803 | 936 | DSLS/STAS | HR1 |
| CATV | 11 | 0.799 | 221 | SALE/PLVD | N‐TERM |
| CATL | 8 | 0.796 | 765 | RALT/GIAV | S2 |
| CATV | 13 | 0.79 | 46 | SVLH/STQD | N‐TERM |
| CATV | 14 | 0.79 | 210 | INLV/RDLP | N‐TERM |
| CATL | 10 | 0.777 | 46 | SVLH/STQD | N‐TERM |
| CATL | 12 | 0.77 | 218 | QGFS/ALEP | N‐TERM |
| CATS | 41 | 0.769 | 405 | DEVR/QIAP | RBD |
| CATL | 19 | 0.755 | 826 | VTLA/DAGF | FP |
| CATB | 106 | 0.751 | 398 | DSFV/IRGD | RBD |
| CATL | 23 | 0.745 | 210 | INLV/RDLP | N‐TERM |
| CATB | 102 | 0.73 | 413 | GQTG/KIAD | RBD |
| CATK | 65 | 0.717 | 366 | SVLY/NSAS | RBD |
| CATL | 46 | 0.705 | 211 | NLVR/DLPQ | N‐TERM |
| CATB | 121 | 0.696 | 336 | CPFG/EVFN | RBD |
| CATV | 82 | 0.681 | 116 | SLLI/VNNA | N‐TERM |
| CATL | 81 | 0.673 | 116 | SLLI/VNNA | N‐TERM |
| CATL | 87 | 0.669 | 1,073 | KNFT/TAPA | CD |