Table 1.
Demographic and clinical characteristics of the study sample. Values are given as the mean (SD) or frequency (n = 117).
| Non-responder (n = 60) | Responder (n = 57) | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 48.43 (9.29) | 50.54 (7.84) | 0.19 |
| Body index | 28.38 (4.70) | 27.83 (5.02) | 0.54 |
| Education (years) | 10.28 (4.20) | 10.60 (4.12) | 0.68 |
| Smoking (Yes/No) | 12/48 | 9/48 | 0.36 |
| Clinical comorbidity (Yes/No) | 25/35 | 28/29 | 0.27 |
| Hypertension (Yes) | 27 | 23 | |
| Diabetes (Yes) | 7 | 9 | |
| Hypothyroidism (Yes) | 0 | 1 | |
| Asthma (Yes) | 1 | 0 | |
| Other (Yes) | 2 | 0 | |
| Number of days analgesic used per week in the last 3 months (<4 times/>4 times)** | 11/49 | 20/37 | 0.03 |
| Acetaminophen/Dipirone (Yes) | 29 | 16 | |
| Dorflex (Yes) | 21 | 16 | |
| NSAID (Yes) | 7 | 5 | |
| Opioid (Yes) | 2 | 0 | |
| Psychiatric disorder according to MINI (Yes/No)* | 23/37 | 20/41 | 0.43 |
| Major depressive episode with dysthymia | 25 | 21 | |
| Manic-depressive disorder | 7 | 6 | |
| Post-traumatic stress disorder | 3 | 3 | |
| Generalized anxiety disorder | 3 | 3 | |
| Active use of central nervous system active medication (Yes/No)** | 22/38 | 16/41 | 0.21 |
| Antidepressant (n/%) | 14 | 15 | |
| Anticonvulsant (n/%) | 2 | 2 | |
| Benzodiazepine (n/%) | 2 | 5 |
NSAID: nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs; MINI: mini-international Neuropsychiatric Interview.
**
Some patients were using more than one type of drug; *Some patients were more than one psychiatric disorder