Fig. 1.

Experimental scheme of the fabrication and testing of the E2@uECMNPs/AP hydrogel system that exhibited multitherapeutic effects and promoted endometrial regeneration to prevent of intrauterine adhesion. Histological analysis and collagen deposition of the uterus from IUA rats receiving different treatments. A. Representative H&E staining of the uterus on days 3 and 7 (40× and 100×). After 7 days of the drug intervention, H&E staining of uterus appeared well organized with epithelial tissue and many glands in both E2@uECMNPs/AP and AP group. Meanwhile, there were few glands that appeared in the endometrium in the uterus from commercially available E2 gels group, E2 alone group, and IUA group. B. Representative images of Masson stained-uterus on days 3 and 7 (200×). Masson staining appeared a significant decrease in collagen deposition in the AP group on day 7. Compared with the AP group, less fibrosis was observed in the group of E2@uECMNPs/AP, which suggested a trend toward significance. (Reproduced with permission of Ref. [55]).