Table I.
Clinical-pathological features of gastric NENs.
| M:F ratio | % | Hyper-gastrinemia | Acid secretion | Peritumoral mucosa | ECL-cell proliferations | Grading | Metastasis | 5-year survival | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NET | About 60% | ||||||||
| ECL-cell Type 1 | 1:2.5 | 80-90% of NET | Yes | Low or absent | Atrophic gastritis | Yes | -G1 -G2, rare -G3, exceptional |
1-3% | about 100% |
| ECL-cell Type 2 | 1:1 | 5-7% of NET | Yes | High | Hypertrophic gastropathy | Yes | -G1 -G2, rare |
10-30% | 60-90% |
| Type 3 | 2.8:1 | 10-15% of NET | No | Normal | No specific change | No | -G1, rare -G2 -G3, rare |
50% | <50% |
|
Provisional ECL-cell Type 4 |
Unknown | Unknown | yes | Low or absent | Parietal cell hypertrophy | Yes | Unknown | Unknown | Unknown |
|
Provisional ECL-cell Type 5 |
1.7:1 | Unknown | yes | Unknown | PPI effects | Yes | -G1 | 15-17% | about 100% |
| G-cell | Unknown | 5% of NET | Possible | Norma or high | Normal or chronic gastritis | No | -G1 | Unknown | about 100% |
| D-cell | Unknown | Unknown | No | Normal | Normal or chronic gastritis | No | -G1 -G2 -G3, rare |
Unknown | about 100% |
| EC-cell | Unknown | Unknown | No | Normal | Normal or chronic gastritis | No | -G1 -G2 -G3, rare |
Unknown | Unknown |
| NEC 1 | 2.1 | 6-20% | No | Normal | Chronic gastritis | No | -G3 | 70% | 10% |
| MiNEN 2 | |||||||||
| ADC/SCC-NEC | 2:1 | 20% | No | Normal | Chronic gastritis | No | see 2 | 55% | 10% |
| ADC/SCC-NET | Unknown | Unknown | No | Normal | Chronic gastritis | No | see 2 | Unknown | Unknown |
NET: neuroendocrine tumor; NEC: neuroendocrine carcinoma; MiNEN: mixed neuroendocrine-non-neuroendocrine neoplasm; ADC: adenocarcinoma; SCC: squamous cell carcinoma; M: male; F: female; PPI: proton pump inhibitor.
1: small and large cell types
2: both the neuroendocrine and the non-neuroendocrine (adenocarcinoma and/or squamous cell carcinoma) components are graded according to WHO 2019.