Table 2.
Demographics of study participants (N=67).
| Characteristic | Value | |
| Age (years), mean (SD) | 66.62 (11.38) | |
| Gender, n (%) |
|
|
|
|
Male | 59 (88) |
|
|
Female | 8 (12) |
| Smoking history, n (%) |
|
|
|
|
Never smoker | 18 (27) |
|
|
Current smoker | 9 (13) |
|
|
Exsmoker | 40 (60) |
| Comorbidities |
|
|
|
|
Diabetes mellitus | 12 (18) |
|
|
Hypertension | 25 (37) |
|
|
Myocardial infarction | 1 (1) |
|
|
Heart failure | 2 (3) |
|
|
Peripheral vascular disease | 11 (16) |
|
|
Bronchiectasis | 15 (22) |
|
|
Postnasal drip syndrome | 6 (9) |
|
|
Nasal septum deviation | 5 (7) |
|
|
Allergic rhinitis | 19 (28) |
|
|
Others | 24 (36) |
| FEV1a(% predicted), n (%) |
|
|
|
|
≥80 | 14 (21) |
|
|
50-79 | 24 (36) |
|
|
30-49 | 20 (30) |
|
|
<30 | 9 (13) |
aFEV1: postbronchodilator forced expiratory volume in 1 second.