Table 2.
Panel (A): Before Lockdown |
Panel (B): During Lockdown |
Panel (C): Difference | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Women (daily hours) | Men (daily hours) | Average Within-Couple Gap | Women (daily hours) | Men (daily hours) | Average Within-Couple Gap | Within-Couple Gap Change | |||||
Mean | S.D | Mean | S.D | (i) | Mean | S.D | Mean | S.D | (ii) | (ii)-(i) | |
Paidwork | 4.75 | 3.28 | 6.58 | 2.96 | − 1.83*** | 3.59 | 3.49 | 5.08 | 3.46 | 1.48*** | 0.35* |
Housework | 3.73 | 2.46 | 1.62 | 1.97 | 2.11*** | 4.42 | 2.46 | 1.99 | 2.00 | 2.44*** | 0.32*** |
Childcare | 4.34 | 3.27 | 1.84 | 2.28 | 2.50*** | 4.78 | 3.36 | 2.13 | 2.45 | 2.65*** | 0.15 |
Educ. childcare | 2.48 | 2.43 | 1.04 | 1.71 | 1.44*** | 3.27 | 2.68 | 1.28 | 1.93 | 1.98*** | 0.54*** |
Leisure | 2.10 | 1.87 | 2.28 | 2.00 | − 0.17** | 2.52 | 2.27 | 2.69 | 2.35 | − 0.18* | − 0.01 |
Average number of hours devoted by each member of the couple to each activity and average within-couple gap. Within-couple gaps are defined as daily hours allocated by the woman to a given activity minus hours allocated by the man. Difference in the average within-couple gap for each activity is calculated as the within-couple gap during the lockdown minus the within-couple gap before the lockdown. Columns (i), (ii) and (iii) report t-tests on the equality of means
* p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001