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. 2021 May 21;14:249. doi: 10.1186/s13071-021-04735-0

Table 3.

Minimum travelling distances of blood-fed mosquitoes that fed on zoo vertebrates

Sampling season Mosquito Zoo vertebrate Sampling area Minimum flying distance (m)
Scientific name Common name
Chester Zoo 2017 Cx. pipiens Camelus bactrianus Bactrian camel A1 234.3
Cissa thalassina Javan green magpie A4 58
Cissa thalassina Javan green magpie A3 34.16
Giraffa camelopardalis rothschildi/Tauraco schalowi Rothschilds giraffe/Schalows turaco A1 303.28a
Tauraco schalowi Schalows turaco A1 168.58
Tauraco schalowi Schalows turaco A1 168.58
Tauraco schalowi Schalows turaco A7 204.7
Culiseta spp. Camelus bactrianus Bactrian camel A7 56.18
Camelus bactrianus Bactrian camel A7 56.18
Camelus bactrianus Bactrian camel A7 56.18
Rucervus eldii thamin Elds deer A1 336.73
Rucervus eldii thamin Elds deer A11 55.88
Tragelaphus eurycerus Bongo A10 107.06
Unknownb Tauraco schalowi Schalows turaco A1 156.61
Chester Zoo 2018 An. maculipennis Spheniscus humboldti Humboldt penguin A2 21.34
Cx. pipiens Strix leptogrammica Brown wood Owl A13 185.26
Culiseta spp. Camelus bactrianus Bactrian camel A11 178.07
Rucervus eldii thamin Elds deer A11 55.88
Unknownb Spheniscus humboldti Humboldt penguin A2 21.34
Chester Zoo 2019 Cx. pipiens Phoenicopterus ruber Caribbean flamingo A1 28.41
Cx. pipiens Spheniscus humboldti Humboldt penguin A12 13.72
An. maculipennis Spheniscus humboldti Humboldt penguin A12 19.19
Flamingo Land Cx. pipiens Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris Capybara A2 46.67
Culiseta spp. Camelus bactrianus Bactrian camel A4 24.76
Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris Capybara A1 49.23
Oryx dammah Scimitar-horned oryx A1 366.74
Unknownb Oryx dammah Scimitar-horned oryx A2 292.94

aMixed blood meals, includes the distance between the exhibits of both vertebrates and the trap

bThese mosquitoes were only identified to the Culicinae subfamily due to damaged legs. Sampling areas are presented in Fig.2 for Chester Zoo and Fig.3 for Flamingo Land