TABLE 2.
Emerging immune checkpoint inhibitors and their mechanisms.
| Target | Name of agent | Company | Mechanism |
|---|---|---|---|
| LAG-3 | |||
| Eftilagimod alpha (IMP321) | Immutep | APC activator | |
| Relatlimab (BMS-986016) | Bristol-Myers Squibb | IgG4 mAb | |
| LAG525 | Norvatis | IgG4 mAb | |
| Cemiplimab (REGN3767) | Regeneron | mAb | |
| BI 754111 | Bohringer Ingelheim | mAb | |
| Sym022 | Symphogen | Fc-inert mAb | |
| MGD013 | MacroGenics | LAG-3 and PD1 DART protein | |
| Mavezelimab (MK-4280) | Merck | IgG4 mAb | |
| TSR-033 | Tesaro | IgG4 mAb | |
| INCAGN02385 | Incyte | Fc engineered IgG1k antibody | |
| EOC202 | EddingPharm Oncology | LAG-3 fusion protein | |
| 89Zr-DFO-REGN3767 | Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center | Anti-LAG-3 antibody labeled with 89Zr | |
| XmAb22,841 | Xencor | Bispecific antibody to both LAG3 and CTLA-4 | |
| LBL-007 | Nanjing Leads Biolabs Co | AlphaLAG-3 mAb | |
| FS118 | F-star | Bispecific antibody to both LAG3 and PD-L1 | |
| RO7247669 | Hoffmann-La Roche | Bispecific antibody to both LAG3 and PD-L1 | |
| EMB-02 | Shanghai EpimAb Biotherapeutics | Bispecific antibody to both LAG3 and PD-L1 | |
| TIGIT | |||
| Tiragolumab (MTIG7192A/RG-6058) | Genentech | Anti-TIGIT mAb | |
| Vibostolimab (MK-7684) | Merck | Anti-TIGIT mAb | |
| Etigilimab (OMP-313M32) | OncoMed | Anti-TIGIT mAb | |
| BMS-986207 | Bristol-Myers Squibb | Anti-TIGIT mAb | |
| Domvanalimab (AB-154) | Arcus Biosciences | Anti-TIGIT mAb | |
| ASP-8374 | Potenza | Anti-TIGIT mAb | |
| IBI939 | Innovent Biologics | Anti-TIGIT mAb | |
| BGB-A1217 | BeiGene | Anti-TIGIT mAb | |
| COM902 | Compugen | Anti-TIGIT mAb | |
| M6223 | EMD Serono | Anti-TIGIT mAb | |
| TIM-3 | |||
| Sym023 | Symphogen | Anti-TIM-3 mAb | |
| LY3321367 | Eli Lilly and Company | Anti-TIM-3 mAb | |
| Cobolimab (TSR-022) | Tesaro | Anti-TIM-3 mAb | |
| Sabatolimab (MBG453) | Novartis | Anti-TIM-3 mAb | |
| INCAGN2390 | Incyte | Anti-TIM-3 mAb | |
| BMS-986258 | Bristol-Myers Squibb | Anti-TIM-3 mAb | |
| SHR-1702 | Jiangsu HengRui | Anti-TIM-3 mAb | |
| RO7121661 | Roche | Anti-PD-1/TIM-33 bispecific Ab | |
| B7-H3 | |||
| Enoblituzumab (MGA271) | MacroGenetics | Anti-B7-H3 mAb | |
| DS-7300a | Daiichi Sankyo | B7-H3-targeting ADC | |
| Orlotamab (MGD009) | MacroGenetics | B7-H3 and CD3 DART protein | |
| 131I-Omburtamab | Y-mAbs Therapeutics | Radiolabeled anti-B7-H3 mAb | |
| 124I-Omburtamab | Y-mAbs Therapeutics | Radiolabeled anti-B7-H3 mAb | |
| 177Lu-DTPA-Omburtamab | Y-mAbs Therapeutics | Radiolabeled anti-B7-H3 mAb | |
| 4SCAR-276 | Shenzhen Geno-Immune Medical Institute | CAR T-cell therapy | |
| SCRI-CARB7H3 | Seattle Childrens Hospital | CAR T-cell therapy | |
| B7-H3 CAR-T | BoYuan RunSheng Pharma | CAR T-cell therapy | |
| CAR.B7-H3 | UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center | CAR T-cell therapy | |
| Second-generation 4-1BB B7H3-EGFRt-DHFR | Seattle Childrens Hospital | CAR T-cell therapy | |
| VISTA | |||
| JNJ-61610588 | Johnson & Johnson | Anti-VISTA mAb | |
| CI-8993 | Curis | Anti-VISTA mAb | |
| CA-170 | Curis | Small molecule targeting VISTA and PD-L1 | |
| ICOS | |||
| GSK3359609 | GlaxoSmithKline | Anti-ICOS agonist | |
| JTX-2011 | Jounce Therapeutics | Anti-ICOS agonist | |
| MEDI-570 | National Cancer Institute | Anti-ICOS antagonist | |
| KY1044 | Kymab Limited | Anti-ICOS antagonist | |
| BTLA | |||
| INBRX-106 | Inhibrx | Hexavalent OX40 agonist Ab | |
| PF-04518600 | Pfizer | OX40 agonist | |
| Cudarolimab (IBI101) | Innovent Biologics | Anti-OX40 mAb | |
| TAB004 (JS004) | Shanghai Junshi Bioscience | Anti-BTLA mAb |
Abbreviations: ADC, antibody drug conjugate; APC, antigen-presenting cell; BTLA, B and T-lymphocyte attenuator; CAR, chimeric antigen receptor; CTLA-4, cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein; DART, dual-affinity re-targeting proteins; ICOS, inducible T-cell costimulator; LAG3, lymphocyte-associated gene 3; mAb, monoclonal antibody; PD-L1, programmed death-ligand 1; TIGIT, T cell immunoglobulin and ITIM domain; TIM, T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain-3; VISTA, V-domain immunoglobulin suppressor of T cell activation.