Table 2.

Summary of Intraoperative and Postoperative Imaging Findings.

#	Lesion echogenicity	Predura US Anatomical Landmark	US1 confirms navigation MRI	Residual Tumor (US)	Residual Tumor (iMRI)	Extent of Resection	Postop Deficits	Tumor Pathology
1	Homogeneous hyperechoic	Sulci	Yes	No	No	GTR	None	GBM**
2	Heterogeneous hyperechoic	Tentorium, brainstem, cerebellum	Yes	Yes	Yes	STR	Temporary word findings and reading difficulty	Anaplastic Astrocytoma IDH1mutant, Grade 3
3	Homogenous hyperechoic	Falx, cingulate sulcus, lateral ventricles, callosum sulcus	Yes	Yes	Yes	STR	SMA* syndrome	GBM**
4	Homogeneous hyperechoic	Sylvian fissure	Yes	Yes	Yes	STR	Temporary aphasia	Diffuse Astrocytoma IDH1mutant, Grade 2
5	Heterogeneous hyperechoic	Lateral ventricle, tentorium	Yes	Yes	Yes	STR	None	Anaplastic Oligodendroglioma, Grade 3
6	Homogeneous hyperechoic	Sylvian fissure, ventricles	Yes	Yes	Yes	STR	None	Anaplastic Astrocytoma IDH1mutant, Grade 3
7	Hypoechoic cyst + hyperechogenic margins	Falx, ventricles	Yes	No	No	GTR	None	Metastasis (NSCLC)
8	Heterogeneous hyperechoic	Sylvian fissure, Falx	Yes	Yes	Yes	STR	None	Diffuse Astrocytoma IDH1mutant, Grade 2
9	Isoechoic with surrounding hyperechoic edema	Lateral ventricles, Falx	Yes	No	No	GTR	Temporary UE paresis	Lymphoma
10	Heterogeneous hyperechoic solid component & hypoechogenic cyst	Occipitotemporal sulcus	Yes	Yes	Yes	GTR	No	Oligodendroglioma, Grade 2
11	Heterogeneous hyperechoic	Orbital gyri	Yes	Yes	Yes	GTR	No	Radiation necrosis
12	Heterogeneous hyperechoic	Tentorium, brainstem, cerebellum	Yes	Yes	Yes	STR	No	Diffuse Astrocytoma IDH1mutant, Grade 2
13	Nonvisible (large surgical cavity)	Ventricles	No	Not visible (previous resection cavity)	Yes	GTR	No	Anaplastic Oligodendroglioma, Grade 3
14	Homogeneous hyperechoic	Sylvian fissure	Yes	Yes	Yes	STR	No	Oligodendroglioma, Grade 2
15	Heterogeneous hyperechoic (hard to visualize)	Lateral ventricles	Yes	Not visible (previous resection cavity)	No	GTR	No	Oligodendroglioma, Grade 2
16	Heterogeneous hyperechoic	Lateral ventricles	Yes	Yes	Yes	STR	No	Oligodendroglioma, Grade 2
17	Heterogeneous hyperechoic	Falx	Yes	Not visible (previous resection cavity)	No	GTR	No	Grade 2 low grade glioma with ependymoma differentiation, IDH1 wildtype
18	Homogeneous hyperechoic	Lateral ventricles	Yes	Not visible (blurry)	Yes	GTR	No	Anaplastic Astrocytoma IDH1mutant, Grade 3
19	Homogeneous hyperechoic	Sylvian fissure	Yes	Yes	Yes	GTR	No	Oligodendroglioma, Grade 2
20	Homogeneous hyperechoic	Sulci	Yes	Yes	Yes	GTR	No	Oligodendroglioma, Grade 2
21	Hypoechoic cyst + hyperechogenic margins	Sylvian fissure	Yes	No	No	GTR	No	Ganglioglioma, grade I
22	Heterogeneous hyperechoic	Lateral ventricles	Yes	Yes	Yes	STR	No	Anaplastic Oligodendroglioma, Grade 3
23	Heterogeneous hyperechoic	Lateral ventricles	Yes	Yes	Yes	STR	Status epilepticus	GBM

Gross total resection; Subtotal resection; Non small cell lung cancer; Upper extremity; *Supplementary motor area; **Glioblastoma multiforme.