Table 3. Relative Risk For Stroke And Stroke Subtypes in Relation to High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Levels, Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies.

Study	Sex	Year	Relative Risk (95% CI)a	Weight (%)b
Total stroke
Watanabe et al (23)	Men and women	2020	0.69 (0.50–0.95)	6.12
Zhang et al (22)	Men and women	2019	0.81 (0.67–0.96)	19.49
Liu et al (21)	Men	2019	0.86 (0.62–1.19)	5.93
Liu et al (21)	Women	2019	1.19 (0.73–1.94)	2.64
Saito et al (10)	Men	2017	0.75 (0.58–0.97)	9.38
Saito et al (10)	Women	2017	0.92 (0.71–1.19)	9.34
Harandi et al (18)	Men and women	2016	0.92 (0.63–1.34)	4.43
Glasseret al (19)	Men and women	2016	0.93 (0.78–1.10)	21.24
Hirata et al (20)	Men and women	2016	0.86 (0.38–1.93)	0.95
Reina et al (9)	Men and women	2015	0.56 (0.31–0.99)	1.90
Tohidi et al (17)	Men and women	2013	1.11 (0.44–2.78)	0.74
Zhang et al (11)	Men	2012	1.01 (0.66–1.53)	3.60
Zhang et al (11)	Women	2012	0.47 (0.30–0.74)	3.21
Hamer et al (16)	Men and women	2011	1.13 (0.75–1.68)	3.88
Curb et al (8)	Men	2004	0.20 (0.06–0.72)	0.39
Soyama et al (7)	Men and women	2003	0.48 (0.25–0.93)	1.46
Simons et al (6)	Men and women	2001	0.63 (0.42–0.95)	3.83
Wannamethee et al (5)	Men	2000	0.48 (0.25–0.93)	1.46
Overallc	—	—	0.82 (0.76–0.89)	100.0
Ischemic stroke
Watanabe et al (23)	Men and women	2020	0.76 (0.51–1.12)	3.55
Gu et al (24)	Men and women	2019	0.75 (0.67–0.83)	10.89
Liu et al (21)	Men	2019	0.83 (0.57–1.21)	3.74
Liu et al (21)	Women	2019	1.14 (0.67–1.93)	2.21
Saito et al (10)	Men	2017	0.68 (0.49–1.01)	4.48
Saito et al (10)	Women	2017	0.70 (0.49–1.01)	3.98
Anne et al (41)	Men and women	2017	0.78 (0.66–0.92)	8.80
Glasser et al (19)	Men and women	2016	0.88 (0.72–1.07)	7.65
Hirata et al (20)	Men and women	2016	1.15 (0.65–2.04)	1.94
Pikula et al (42)	Men and women	2015	0.51 (0.37–0.70)	4.71
Tohidi et al (17)	Men and women	2013	1.44 (0.54–3.84)	0.73
Zhang et al (11)	Men	2012	1.02 (0.62–1.66)	2.47
Zhang et al (11)	Women	2010	0.35 (0.21–0.59)	2.29
Simons et al (45)	Men and women	2010	1.10 (0.65–1.87)	2.21
Willey et al (44)	Men and women	2009	1.08 (0.67–1.66)	2.80
Holme et al (47)	Men	2009	0.79 (0.71–0.86)	11.26
Holme et al (47)	Women	2009	0.67 (0.59–0.73)	10.91
Kurth et al (49)	Women	2007	0.83 (0.53–1.30)	2.90
Psaty et al (50)	Men and women	2004	0.81 (0.60–1.10)	4.90
Soyama et al (7)	Men and women	2003	0.45 (0.21–1.00)	1.09
Leppala et al (51)	Men	1999	0.54 (0.39–0.75)	4.49
Tanne et al (52)	Men	1997	0.55 (0.31–0.93)	2.04
Overalld	—	—	0.75 (0.69–0.82)	100.0
Intracerebral hemorrhage
Watanabe et al (23)	Men and women	2020	0.59 (0.28–1.21)	4.72
Rist et al (40)	Women	2019	0.99 (0.47–2.09)	4.53
Saito et al (10)	Men	2017	0.79 (0.49–1.28)	10.91
Saito et al (10)	Women	2017	1.69 (1.05–2.73)	11.01
Zhang et al (11)	Men	2012	1.13 (0.41–3.07)	2.51
Zhang et al (11)	Women	2012	2.64 (0.67–10.42)	1.34
Wieberdink et al (43)	Men and women	2011	1.16 (0.84–1.61)	23.91
Noda et al (46)	Men and women	2009	1.19 (0.82–1.74)	17.75
Sturgeon et al (48)	Men and women	2007	1.69 (1.17–2.41)	19.23
Leppala et al (51)	Men	1999	1.08 (0.49–2.36)	4.10
Overalle	—	—	1.21 (1.04–1.42)	100.0
Subarachnoid hemorrhage
Watanabe et al (23)	Men and women	2020	0.64 (0.28–1.49)	0.06
Rist et al (40)	Women	2019	1.02 (0.35–2.97)	0.04
Saito et al (10)	Men	2017	1.53 (0.53–4.41)	0.04
Saito et al (10)	Women	2017	0.98 (0.96–1.00)	99.79
Zhang et al (11)	Men	2012	0.67 (0.19–2.35)	0.03
Zhang et al (11)	Women	2012	1.09 (0.24–4.91)	0.02
Leppala et al (51)	Men	1999	0.41 (0.14–1.23)	0.03
Overallf	—	—	0.98 (0.96–1.00)	100.0

Abbreviation: —, not applicable.

^a subtypes per 1-mmol/L increase in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol

^b Weights are from random effects analysis.

^c I ² = 42.9%; P = .03.

^d I ² = 50.1%; P = .004.

^e I ² = 33.4%; P = .14.

^f I ² = 0.0%; P = .61.