Table 6.

Logistic prediction model for moderate to severe post-operative pain prediction score excluding clinically significant haematoma (He⁻⁻ADSS score) after CIED insertion (the most severe post-operative pain scores were used to perform the above analyses)

Variables	Beta (SE)	Odds ratio (95% CI)	P value
Age <65	0.68 (0.15)	1.97 (1.46–2.64)	<0.0001
De novo surgery	0.47 (0.11)	1.60 (1.28–2.00)	<0.0001
BMI <20 kg/ m2	0.55(0.38)	1.73 (0.82–3.67)	0.15
Female sex	0.26 (0.13)	1.29 (1.01–1.67)	0.046

AUC of 0.60; 95% confidence interval 0.57–0.63. The BRUISE-Control He⁻⁻ADSS and He⁺⁺ADSS scores post-operative pain risk score were developed based on the final risk prediction model (He—CSH; A, age; D, de novo surgery; S, slim—BMI <20 kg/m²; and S, sex—female).

AUC, area under the curve; BMI, body mass index; CSH, clinically significant haematoma; CIED, cardiac implantable electronic device.