Table 1.
Author, year | Journal | Type of study | Type of implant | Tourniquet protocol | Tourniquet pressure (mmHg) | Samples (n) | Mean Age (years) | Female (%) | BMI (g/m2) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Abdel-Salam et al. [17] | J Bone Joint Surg | RCT | PS | Cemented | Absence | 40 | 72.00 | 57.50 | ||
Full-time | SBP doubled | 40 | 74.00 | 62.50 | ||||||
Aglietti et al. [18] | Cin Orthop Rel Res | RCT | Cemented | Incision to cementation | 10 | 70.00 | 70.00 | |||
Absence | 10 | 68.00 | 60.00 | |||||||
Ajnin et al. [19] | J Clin Orthop Trauma | PCS | CR | Cemented | Absence | 29 | 73.00 | 33.00 | ||
Full-time | 300 | 29 | 73.00 | 33.00 | ||||||
Alexandersson et al. [20] | Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc | RCT | Mixed | Cemented | Absence | 43 | 69.70 | 48.83 | 27.90 | |
Full-time | 300 | 38 | 68.00 | 52.63 | 28.60 | |||||
Ayik et al. [21] | J Knee Surg | RCT | PS | Cemented | Absence | 33 | 64.90 | 57.57 | 30.31 | |
Full-time | SBP + 100 | 32 | 65.39 | 56.25 | 31.38 | |||||
Bakker et al. [22] | Turk J Anaesthesiol Reanim | RCS | Full-time | SBP + 50 | 300 | 65.00 | 64.33 | 28.90 | ||
Absence | 300 | 65.00 | 58.33 | 29.20 | ||||||
Barker et al. [23] | J Orthop Traumatol | RCS | Uncemented | Absence | 53 | 62.00 | 52.83 | 33.20 | ||
Incision to cementation | 300 | 51 | 63.00 | 64.70 | 34.40 | |||||
de Barros et al. [24] | Rev Bras Ortop | RCS | CR | Cemented | Full-time | 75 | 67.00 | 73.30 | ||
Absence | 42 | 67.00 | 71.43 | |||||||
Barwell et al. [25] | J Bone Joint Surg | RCT | Mixed | Cemented | Full-time | 44 | 71.00 | 65.90 | ||
Incision to cementation | 44 | 69.00 | 72.72 | |||||||
Burg et al. [26] | J Musc Res | RCS | CR | Cemented | Full-time | 49 | 71.60 | 79.22 | ||
Cementation to end | 28 | 72.50 | 79.22 | |||||||
Cao et al. [27] | J Orthop Surg | RCT | PS | Cemented | Full-time | 51 | 64.90 | 72.54 | 24.36 | |
Cementation to end | 51 | 65.20 | 74.51 | 24.52 | ||||||
Concina et al. [28] | Acta Biomed | RCS | PS | Cemented | Incision to wound suture | 51 | 73.00 | 61.76 | ||
Cementation | 50 | 70.00 | 68.00 | |||||||
Dennis et al. [29] | Clin Orthop Relat Res | RCT | Full-time | 250 | 28 | 62.00 | 42.85 | 29.00 | ||
Absence or cementation | 250 | 28 | 62.00 | 42.85 | 29.00 | |||||
Ejaz et al. [30] | Acta Orthop | RCT | CR | Cemented | Absence | 31 | 68.00 | 45.16 | 25.00 | |
Full-time | 250 | 33 | 68.00 | 45.45 | 25.00 | |||||
Ejaz et al. [31] | Arthroplasty J | RCT | CR | Cemented | Absence | 28 | 68.20 | 46.43 | 25.20 | |
Full-time | 250 | 29 | 68.30 | 55.17 | 25.10 | |||||
Fan et al. [32] | Knee | RCT | PS | Cemented | Full-time | SBP + 100 | 30 | 65.37 | 76.66 | 27.24 |
Cementation | SBP + 100 | 30 | 63.27 | 70.00 | 26.26 | |||||
Fukuda et al. [33] | Arch Orthop Trauma Surg | PCS | Cemented | Absence | 21 | 73.10 | 85.71 | 26.50 | ||
Full-time | 350 | 27 | 71.20 | 85.19 | 26.10 | |||||
Goel et al. [34] | J Bone Joint Surg | RCT | CR | Cemented | Absence | 100 | 65.50 | 52.00 | 31.30 | |
Full-time | 225–300 | 100 | 66.00 | 50.00 | 30.90 | |||||
Guler et al. [35] | Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc | RCS | PS | Cemented | Full-time | 70 | 67.40 | 85.71 | ||
Absence | 78 | 65.80 | 82.05 | |||||||
Harsten et al. [36] | Knee | RCT | CR | Cemented | Absence | 32 | 66.00 | 43.75 | 28.39 | |
Full-time | 32 | 68.00 | 46.87 | 27.41 | ||||||
Harvery et al. [37] | Arthroplasty J | RCT | Cemented | Absence | 28 | 73.40 | ||||
Cementation | 16 | 72.40 | ||||||||
Full-time | 36 | 68.30 | ||||||||
Hasanain et al. [38] | Arthroplasty J | RCT | PS | Cemented | Full-time | 54 | 62.93 | 63.00 | 32.41 | |
Cementation | SBP + 100–150 | 54 | 62.93 | 63.00 | 32.41 | |||||
Hassouna et al. [39] | EC Orthop | PCS | CR | Cemented | Full-time | 300 | 48 | 69.00 | 66.66 | 29.30 |
Cementation to end | 104 | 69.00 | 55.33 | 28.80 | ||||||
Huang et al. [40] | Arch Orthop Trauma Surg | PCS | Cemented | Full-time | SBP + 100 | 30 | 66.20 | 66.66 | 26.10 | |
Incision to cementation | 30 | 66.10 | 66.66 | 25.90 | ||||||
Cementation | 30 | 66.30 | 63.33 | 26.50 | ||||||
Jawhar et al. [41] | Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc | RCT | Cemented | Full-time | 380 | 15 | 70.60 | 53.33 | 32.10 | |
Absence | 15 | 70.60 | 53.33 | 33.80 | ||||||
Jawhar et al. [42] | Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc | RCT | Cemented | Full-time | 360 | 43 | 70.00 | 62.79 | 31.90 | |
Absence | 43 | 71.00 | 62.79 | 31.90 | ||||||
Jawhar et al. [43] | Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc | RCT | Cemented | Full-time | 360 | 50 | 69.30 | 34.00 | 31.90 | |
Absence | 49 | 68.30 | 61.22 | 31.40 | ||||||
Jorn et al. [44] | Acta Orthop Scand | RCT | PS | Mixed | Full-time | 300 | 35 | 71.00 | 57.14 | 27.96 |
Incision to wound suture | 42 | 71.00 | 78.57 | 28.78 | ||||||
Kato et al. [45] | Anesthesiology | RCT | Absence | 24 | 63.00 | |||||
Full-time | 350 | 22 | 65.00 | |||||||
Kim et al. [46] | BMC Musc Dis | RCT | mixed | Cemented | Incision to cementation | 255 | 80 | 71.00 | 91.00 | 27.10 |
Incision to cementation | 233.9 | 80 | 71.80 | 85.00 | 27.40 | |||||
Kirmani et al. [47] | Int J Res Orthop | PCS | Cemented | Full-time | 52 | 69.80 | 67.30 | |||
Absence | 146 | 73.00 | 65.80 | |||||||
Kumar et al. [48] | J Clin Orthop Trauma | RCT | Incision to wound suture | SBP + 100 | 30 | 58.00 | 70.00 | |||
Absence | 30 | 58.00 | 70.00 | |||||||
Ledin et al. [49] | Acta Orthop | RCT | CR | Cemented | Full-time | 275 | 25 | 70.00 | 29.00 | |
Absence | 23 | 71.00 | 28.00 | |||||||
Li et al. [50] | Int Orthop | RCT | PS | Cemented | Full-time | SBP + 100 | 40 | 71.00 | 27.30 | |
Absence | 40 | 70.00 | 26.80 | |||||||
Li et al. [51] | Medicine | RCS | Full-time | 94 | 65.34 | 90.40 | 24.50 | |||
Absence | 36 | 65.08 | 83.30 | 25.00 | ||||||
Liu et al. [52] | Knee Surg Relat Res | RCT | PS | Cemented | Full-time | 300 | 10 | 67.00 | 30.00 | 25.57 |
Absence | 10 | 70.00 | 10.00 | 27.09 | ||||||
Liu et al. [53] | Int J Clin Exp Med | RCT | PS | Cemented | Full-time | SBP + 125 | 26 | 65.80 | 69.23 | 28.20 |
Absence | 26 | 65.80 | 69.23 | 28.20 | ||||||
Liu et al. [54] | Orthop Surg | RCT | PS | Cemented | Full-time | SBP + 125 | 52 | 67.00 | 28.10 | |
Absence | 52 | 67.00 | 28.10 | |||||||
Manero et al. [55] | Rev Esp Anestesiol Reanim | PCS | Cemented | Incision to wound suture | 280 | 48 | 72.69 | 62.50 | ||
Full-time | 48 | 71.54 | 70.80 | |||||||
Matziolis et al. [56] | Orthopäde | RCS | Cemented | Absence | 300 | 285 | 67.70 | 58.24 | ||
Full-time | 262 | 68.50 | 59.92 | |||||||
Mittal et al. [57] | J Surg | RCT | Cemented | Cementation | 300 | 31 | 67.50 | 81.00 | 32.50 | |
Incision to cementation | 300 | 34 | 66.60 | 74.00 | 32.60 | |||||
Molt et al. [58] | Knee | RCT | Mixed | Cemented | Full-time | 300 | 30 | 70.00 | 53.30 | 28.00 |
Absence | 30 | 67.00 | 53.30 | 28.00 | ||||||
Mori et al. [59] | Knee | RCT | PS | Cemented | Full-time | 250 | 51 | 72.80 | 88.23 | 27.70 |
Absence | 52 | 74.60 | 82.69 | 29.20 | ||||||
Mutlu et al. [60] | Int J Surg | RCS | PS | Cemented | Incision to cementation | SBP + 150 | 61 | 67.20 | 78.10 | |
Absence | 65 | 65.80 | 72.20 | |||||||
Na et al. [61] | Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc | RCT | PS | Cemented | Incision to cementation | 253 | 105 | 72.00 | 94.00 | 26.80 |
Short deflation before capsule closure | 256 | 101 | 73.00 | 93.00 | 26.90 | |||||
Ozkunt et al. [8] | Medicine | RCT | CR | Cemented | Full-time | 24 | 65.05 | 100.00 | ||
Cementation | 20 | 65.05 | 100.00 | |||||||
Absence | 25 | 65.05 | 100.00 | |||||||
Paredes-Carnero et al. [62] | Rev Esp Cir Ortop Traumatol | RCS | PS | Cemented | Incision to wound suture | 250–370 | 101 | 73.52 | 30.00 | |
Full-time | 250–370 | 100 | 75.62 | 30.00 | ||||||
Pfitzner et al. [63] | Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc | RCT | PS | Cemented | Full-time | 350 | 45 | 69.30 | 53.33 | 27.80 |
Absence | 45 | 70.50 | 75.55 | 26.00 | ||||||
Rathod et al. [64] | J Knee Surg | PCS | PS | Cemented | Full-time | 40 | 64.10 | 57.50 | 31.60 | |
Cementation | 40 | 63.60 | 50.00 | 29.10 | ||||||
Schnettler et al. [65] | J Bone Joint Surg | RCS | Cemented | Cementation | 250 | 45 | 64.69 | 67.00 | 30.24 | |
Absence | 36 | 65.60 | 69.00 | 31.39 | ||||||
Tai et al. [66] | J Bone Joint Surg | RCT | Cemented | Incision to wound suture | SBP + 100 | 36 | 72.10 | 75.00 | 28.60 | |
Absence | 36 | 72.50 | 77.77 | 27.90 | ||||||
Tarwala et al. [67] | Clin Orthop Relat Res | RCT | PS | Cemented | Incision to cementation | 250 | 39 | 66.10 | 56.41 | 29.90 |
Cementation | 250 | 40 | 64.60 | 55.00 | 31.40 | |||||
Teitsma et al. [68] | Orthop Muscular Syst | PCS | PS | Cemented | Absence | 47 | 65.00 | 51.06 | 27.10 | |
Full-time | 250 | 49 | 63.00 | 67.34 | 28.39 | |||||
Tetro et al. [69] | Canadian J Surg | RCT | Incision to cementation | SBP + 125–150 | 33 | 69.80 | 54.54 | |||
Absence | 30 | 69.80 | 63.33 | |||||||
Touzopoulos et al. [70] | Eur J Orthop Surg Traumatol | RCS | CR | Cemented | Absence | 50 | 69.92 | 84.00 | 31.32 | |
Full-time | 350 | 50 | 70.73 | 84.00 | 31.04 | |||||
Unver et al. [71] | Orthop Nur | PCS | CR | Cemented | Full-time | AOP | 17 | 68.00 | 82.35 | 30.80 |
Full-time | 300 | 21 | 67.30 | 85.71 | 32.00 | |||||
Vaishya et al. [72] | J Clin Orthop Trauma | RCT | Cemented | Incision to cementation | SBP + 150 | 40 | ||||
Cementation | SBP + 150 | 40 | ||||||||
Vandenbussche et al. [73] | Int Orthop | RCT | PS | Cemented | Full-time | 350 | 40 | 72.50 | 77.50 | |
Absence | 40 | 68.50 | 60.00 | |||||||
Vertullo et al. [7] | J Orthop Surg | RCT | PS | Cemented | Cementation | 300 | 20 | 67.85 | 50.00 | 30.43 |
Absence | 20 | 65.65 | 45.00 | 31.00 | ||||||
Wakankar et al. [74] | J Bone Joint Surg | RCT | Cemented | Full-time | SBP doubled | 37 | 72.50 | 70.27 | ||
Absence | 40 | 71.80 | 65.00 | |||||||
Wang et al. [75] | Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc | RCT | Cemented | Incision to cementation | SBP + 100 | 25 | 72.30 | 80.00 | 28.80 | |
Cementation | SBP + 100 | 25 | 72.50 | 84.00 | 29.10 | |||||
Watter et al. [76] | Reconstr Rev | RCS | Cemented | Absence | 100 | 63.80 | 57.00 | 29.80 | ||
Cementation | 100 | 67.30 | 65.00 | 28.40 | ||||||
Incision to cementation | 100 | 63.00 | 63.00 | 31.90 | ||||||
Wauche et al. [77] | Arch Orthop Trauma Surg | RCT | Uncemented | Full-time | SBP + 100 | 19 | 63.20 | |||
Absence | 18 | 61.40 | ||||||||
Widman et al. [78] | Acta Orthop Scand | RCT | CR | Cemented | Incision to wound suture | 300–350 | 46 | 72.00 | 76.08 | |
Full-time | 300–350 | 39 | 71.00 | 71.79 | ||||||
Yavarikia et al. [79] | Pak J Biol Sci | RCT | CR | Cemented | Absence | 220–275 | 31 | 66.00 | 75.86 | |
Incision to cementation | 220–275 | 36 | 64.00 | 72.72 | ||||||
Zan et al. [80] | Bone Joint Res | RCS | PS | Cemented | Full-time | 220–275 | 29 | 68.00 | 72.72 | |
Incision to cementation | 250 | 196 | 69.40 | 57.14 | 25.70 | |||||
Full-time | 250 | 200 | 69.60 | 60.50 | 26.10 | |||||
Zhang et al. [81] | Ir J Med Sci | RCT | Cemented | Full-time | 317 | 50 | 70.30 | 52.00 | 29.30 | |
Incision to cementation | 316 | 50 | 71.00 | 60.00 | 29.10 | |||||
Osteotomy to end | 322 | 30 | 68.20 | 83.33 | 29.60 | |||||
Zhou et al. [82] | J Orthop Surg Res | RCT | PS | Cemented | Absence | 68 | 69.10 | 89.71 | 25.70 | |
Full-time | 72 | 66.80 | 81.94 | 26.10 |
SBP systolic blood pressure, AOP arterial occlusion pressure