Table 1.

Counts and overlaps of independent genetic variants and loci associated with allometric and traditional body-shape indices in women and men.

^aBased on FUMA; ^bBased on MAGMA; ^cNumber (percentage from total per index) reported in the NHGRI-EBI GWAS Catalog¹¹ (https://www.ebi.ac.uk/gwas/home, accessed on 07/04/2021) in association with the corresponding traditional body-shape index (with or without adjustment for body mass index, BMI), i.e. the waist-to-hip ratio for WHI_UKB and WHR_adjBMI (catalogue sets EFO_0004343, EFO_0007788, EFO_0004302), waist circumference for ABSI_UKB and WC_adjBMI (EFO_0004342, EFO_0007789, EFO_0004302), hip circumference for HI_UKB and HC_adjBMI (EFO_0005093, EFO_0008039, EFO_0004302). To ensure novelty, a match was counted for an independent significant SNP if any of the candidate SNPs in the LD block was reported and for a genomic risk locus (or region) if any of the corresponding independent significant SNPs (or genes) was reported; ^dNumber (percentage from total per index), counting indirect matches only for SNPs in strong LD, i.e. candidate SNPs within the corresponding LD block for independent significant SNPs and for a genomic risk locus (or region) only a match of the independent significant SNP (or gene) promoted to a locus lead SNP (or lead gene) (EFO_0004339, EFO_0004302 for height; EFO_0000311 for cancer); ^eNumber (percentage from total per index) showing sex difference (p_difference < 5*10^–6 for any candidate SNP within the corresponding LD block); ^fAs for ^ebut reflecting difference from the corresponding alternative body-shape index, i.e. WHR_adjBMI for WHI_UKB, WC_adjBMI for ABSI_UKB, HC_adjBMI for HI_UKB and vice versa; ABSI_UKB-a body shape index calibrated for UK Biobank participants; HC_adjBMI-hip circumference adjusted for BMI; HI_UKB-hip index calibrated for UK Biobank participants; WC_adjBMI-waist circumference adjusted for BMI; WHI_UKB-waist-to-hip index calibrated for UK Biobank participants; WHR_adjBMI-waist-to-hip ratio adjusted BMI; h²_g-estimated (pseudo-) heritability, based on the genetic relationship matrix in BOLT-LMM (approximate standard error, 316/number of individuals), comparison between men and women; r_sex-Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient between regression coefficients in women and men across all examined genetic variants (used in the test for difference of effect size or heritability); r_allo-trad-correlation coefficient as for r_sex but between the corresponding allometric and traditional index; Fisher’s exact test was used to compare percentages between allometric and traditional body-shape indices: *P < 0.05; **P < 0.001; ***P < 0.0001.