Table 1.
Baseline Characteristics of the Study Population by Treatment Group
| Treatment Group | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variable | 0.8 g/kg/d Protein +Placebo (n = 21) |
0.8 g/kg/d Protein +Testosterone (n = 17) |
1.3 g/kg/d Protein +Placebo (n = 20) |
1.3 g/kg/d Protein +Testosterone (n = 19) |
p Value |
| Age, years | 74.0 ± 4.9 | 74.2 ± 7.0 | 72.0 ± 5.9 | 73.5 ± 6.9 | .24 |
| Body weight, kg | 94.9 ± 12.5 | 83.1 ± 13.9 | 95.4 ± 16.8 | 88.7 ± 16.4 | .38 |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | 30.5 ± 4.2 | 28.3 ± 4.6 | 31.9 ± 5.6 | 29.5 ± 4.8 | .47 |
| Fasting Glucose, mg/dL | 103.4 ± 27.5 | 101.8 ± 13.5 | 98.8 ± 20.2 | 101.1 ± 14.6 | .91 |
| Fasting Insulin, uIU/mL | 9.0 ± 6.5 | 7.3 ± 4.9 | 6.9 ± 4.0 | 5.5 ± 2.8 | .15 |
| HOMA-IR | 2.5 ± 2.5 | 1.9 ± 1.4 | 1.7 ± 1.1 | 1.4 ± 0.9 | .18 |
| IL-6, pg/mL | 2.8 ± 1.3 | 3.4 ± 2.3 | 2.7 ± 1.2 | 3.1 ± 1.1 | .51 |
| Leptin, ng/mL | 47.1 ± 22.3 | 38.1 ± 27.0 | 36.6 ± 23.4 | 33.7 ± 21.7 | .31 |
| Adiponectin, ug/mL | 5.7 ± 2.0 | 5.6 ± 2.0 | 5.7 ± 3.8 | 7.0 ± 3.1 | .37 |
| hs-CRP, mg/dL | 0.3 ± 0.2 | 0.3 ± 0.2 | 0.2 ± 0.3 | 0.2 ± 0.2 | .55 |
| *VAT area, cm2 | 246.7 ± 59.5 (15) | 214.8 ± 59.4 (13) | 187.1 ± 67.0 (16) | 214.2 ± 67.0 (12) | .09 |
Notes: Values are means ± SD. p-values for the test of any difference between groups extracted from ANOVA model. CRP = C-reactive protein; VAT = Visceral adipose tissue.
*There were no significant differences between baseline characteristics for the subset of participants with VAT area records available at the start of the study (N = 56).