Table 3.
Significantly enriched gene sets across all tissues in the TWAS of ACT.
| Gene set | Mean Z2 (gene set) | Mean Z2 (all genes) | P valuea |
|---|---|---|---|
| Publicly-available gene sets | |||
| Essential in mice | 0.86 | 0.82 | 2.00 × 10−7 |
| Essential in culture | 0.96 | 0.82 | 0.04 |
| Human LoF intolerant | 0.86 | 0.81 | 1.36 × 10−5 |
| Cardiotoxic/cardioprotective gene sets | |||
| ATRA (downregulated) | 0.90 | 0.82 | 1.35 × 10−3 |
| Cluster 5b | 0.87 | 0.82 | 3.60 × 10−4 |
LoF loss of function, ATRA all-trans retinoic acid.
aBonferroni adjusted.
bDescribed by Knowles et al.16
These analyses reveal the importance of essential genes in mice, culture, and humans, as well as those related to cardiotoxic/cardioprotective agents.