Table 2.
Patient characteristics
| First line | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All (N = 5186) |
COPD (n = 524) |
No COPD (n = 4662) |
Asthma (n = 373) |
No asthma (n = 4813) |
COPD or asthma (n = 799) |
Neither COPD nor asthma (n = 4387) |
|
| At the index datea | |||||||
| Age (years) | |||||||
| Mean (SD) | 68.4 (11.0) | 70.2 (9.8) | 68.2 (11.1) | 67.6 (10.2) | 68.5 (11.0) | 69.2 (10.0) | 68.2 (11.1) |
| Median | 69 | 70 | 69 | 68 | 69 | 69 | 69 |
| Age categories, n (%) | |||||||
| < 50 | 267 (5) | 7 (1) | 260 (6) | 17 (5) | 250 (5) | 21 (3) | 246 (6) |
| 50–54 | 258 (5) | 18 (3) | 240 (5) | 19 (5) | 239 (5) | 34 (4) | 224 (5) |
| 55–59 | 488 (9) | 49 (9) | 439 (9) | 40 (11) | 448 (9) | 75 (9) | 413 (9) |
| 60–64 | 814 (16) | 78 (15) | 736 (16) | 62 (17) | 752 (16) | 122 (15) | 692 (16) |
| 65–69 | 833 (16) | 92 (18) | 741 (16) | 75 (20) | 758 (16) | 150 (19) | 683 (16) |
| 70–74 | 814 (16) | 88 (17) | 726 (16) | 57 (15) | 757 (16) | 133 (17) | 681 (16) |
| 75–79 | 775 (15) | 86 (16) | 689 (15) | 57 (15) | 718 (15) | 127 (16) | 648 (15) |
| 80–84 | 709 (14) | 74 (14) | 635 (14) | 31 (8) | 678 (14) | 95 (12) | 614 (14) |
| ≥ 85 | 228 (4) | 32 (6) | 196 (4) | 15 (4) | 213 (4) | 42 (5) | 186 (4) |
| Race, n (%) | |||||||
| Caucasian | 3953 (76) | 399 (76) | 3554 (76) | 258 (69) | 3695 (77) | 590 (74) | 3363 (77) |
| African American | 903 (17) | 105 (20) | 798 (17) | 90 (24) | 813 (17) | 167 (21) | 736 (17) |
| Asian | 55 (1) | 1 (0) | 54 (1) | 5 (1) | 50 (1) | 6 (1) | 49 (1) |
| Other/unknown | 275 (5) | 19 (4) | 256 (5) | 20 (5) | 255 (5) | 36 (5) | 239 (5) |
| Ethnicity, n (%) | |||||||
| Hispanic | 201 (4) | 15 (3) | 186 (4) | 18 (5) | 183 (4) | 33 (4) | 168 (4) |
| Non-Hispanic | 4725 (91) | 486 (93) | 4239 (91) | 337 (90) | 4388 (91) | 730 (91) | 3995 (91) |
| Unknown | 260 (5) | 23 (4) | 237 (5) | 18 (5) | 242 (5) | 36 (5) | 224 (5) |
| Sex, n (%) | |||||||
| Female | 2456 (47) | 239 (46) | 2217 (48) | 206 (55) | 2250 (47) | 396 (50) | 2060 (47) |
| Male | 2724 (53) | 285 (54) | 2439 (52) | 166 (45) | 2558 (53) | 402 (50) | 2322 (53) |
| Unknown | 6 (0) | 6 (0) | 1 (0) | 5 (0) | 1 (0) | 5 (0) | |
| Region of residence, n (%) | |||||||
| Northeast | 708 (14) | 63 (12) | 645 (14) | 49 (13) | 659 (14) | 96 (12) | 612 (14) |
| Midwest | 2808 (54) | 310 (59) | 2498 (54) | 229 (61) | 2579 (54) | 472 (59) | 2336 (53) |
| South | 1147 (22) | 99 (19) | 1048 (22) | 64 (17) | 1083 (23) | 152 (19) | 995 (23) |
| West | 414 (8) | 41 (8) | 373 (8) | 23 (6) | 391 (8) | 61 (8) | 353 (8) |
| Other/unknown | 109 (2) | 11 (2) | 98 (2) | 8 (2) | 101 (2) | 18 (2) | 91 (2) |
| Calendar year, n (%) | |||||||
| 2012 | 453 (8.74) | 37 (7.06) | 416 (8.92) | 19 (5.09) | 434 (9.02) | 52 (6.51) | 401 (9.14) |
| 2013 | 570 (10.99) | 52 (9.92) | 518 (11.11) | 34 (9.12) | 536 (11.14) | 79 (9.89) | 491 (11.19) |
| 2014 | 658 (12.69) | 67 (12.79) | 591 (12.68) | 49 (13.14) | 609 (12.65) | 107 (13.39) | 551 (12.56) |
| 2015 | 707 (13.63) | 68 (12.98) | 639 (13.71) | 41 (10.99) | 666 (13.84) | 99 (12.39) | 608 (13.86) |
| 2016 | 772 (14.89) | 72 (13.74) | 700 (15.02) | 70 (18.77) | 702 (14.59) | 118 (14.77) | 654 (14.91) |
| 2017 | 768 (14.81) | 94 (17.94) | 674 (14.46) | 67 (17.96) | 701 (14.56) | 141 (17.65) | 627 (14.29) |
| 2018 | 646 (12.46) | 72 (13.74) | 574 (12.31) | 50 (13.40) | 596 (12.38) | 108 (13.52) | 538 (12.26) |
| 2019 | 612 (11.80) | 62 (11.83) | 550 (11.80) | 43 (11.53) | 569 (11.82) | 95 (11.89) | 517 (11.78) |
| Time from MM diagnosis to treatment line initiation (months) | |||||||
| Mean (SD) | 9.1 (17.2) | 6.9 (13.8) | 9.4 (16.5) | 7.3 (14.8) | 9.3 (17.4) | 7.2 (14.7) | 9.5 (17.6) |
| Insurance type, n (%) | |||||||
| Commercial | 1630 (31) | 117 (22) | 1513 (32) | 128 (34) | 1502 (31) | 223 (28) | 1407 (32) |
| Medicare | 2755 (53) | 314 (60) | 2441 (52) | 186 (50) | 2569 (53) | 449 (56) | 2306 (53) |
| Medicaid | 220 (4) | 38 (7) | 182 (4) | 27 (7) | 193 (4) | 51 (6) | 169 (4) |
| Other payor type | 83 (2) | 8 (2) | 75 (2) | 2 (1) | 81 (2) | 10 (1) | 73 (2) |
| Uninsured | 64 (1) | 8 (2) | 56 (1) | 7 (2) | 57 (1) | 12 (2) | 52 (1) |
| Unknown | 275 (5) | 32 (6) | 243 (5) | 19 (5) | 256 (5) | 45 (6) | 230 (5) |
| Missing | 159 (3) | 7 (1) | 152 (3) | 4 (1) | 155 (3) | 9 (1) | 150 (3) |
| Integrated patient, n (%) | |||||||
| Yes | 1320 (25) | 125 (24) | 1195 (26) | 119 (32) | 1201 (25) | 215 (27) | 1105 (25) |
| No | 3866 (75) | 399 (76) | 3467 (74) | 254 (68) | 3612 (75) | 584 (73) | 3282 (75) |
| During the baseline periodb | |||||||
| Quan–Charlson comorbidity index (excluding MM) | |||||||
| Mean (SD) | 2.7 (3.1) | 5.2 (3.2) | 2.4 (3.0) | 4.7 (3.2) | 2.6 (3.1) | 5 (3.2) | 2.3 (3.0) |
| Comorbidities, n (%) | |||||||
| Anemia | 751 (14) | 115 (22) | 636 (14) | 79 (21) | 672 (14) | 166 (21) | 585 (13) |
| Cardiovascular disease | 2659 (51) | 386 (74) | 2273 (49) | 279 (75) | 2380 (49) | 582 (73) | 2077 (47) |
| Diabetes | 1094 (21) | 175 (33) | 919 (20) | 136 (36) | 958 (20) | 271 (34) | 823 (19) |
| Hypercalcemia | 648 (12) | 74 (14) | 574 (12) | 55 (15) | 593 (12) | 123 (15) | 525 (12) |
| Peripheral neuropathy | 357 (7) | 58 (11) | 299 (6) | 29 (8) | 328 (7) | 81 (10) | 276 (6) |
| Renal impairment | 1363 (26) | 215 (41) | 1148 (25) | 134 (36) | 1229 (26) | 303 (38) | 1060 (24) |
| Skeletal-related events | 878 (17) | 130 (25) | 748 (16) | 75 (20) | 803 (17) | 185 (23) | 693 (16) |
| Thrombocytopenia | 546 (11) | 87 (17) | 459 (10) | 54 (14) | 492 (10) | 122 (15) | 424 (10) |
MM multiple myeloma, SD standard deviation
aIndex date was defined as the start for the treatment line
bBaseline period was defined as the 12-month period prior to each treatment start date, excluding the index date