Table 4.
First line | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
All (N = 5186) |
COPD (n = 524) |
Asthma (n = 373) |
COPD or asthma (n = 799) |
Neither COPD nor asthma (n = 4387) | |
Type of treatment, n (%) | |||||
IMiDs | 3071 (59.22) | 288 (54.96) | 223 (59.79) | 460 (57.57) | 2611 (59.52) |
Thalidomide | 173 (3.34) | 18 (3.44) | 16 (4.29) | 28 (3.50) | 145 (3.31) |
Lenalidomide | 2803 (54.05) | 258 (49.24) | 204 (54.69) | 417 (52.19) | 2386 (54.39) |
Pomalidomide | 126 (2.43) | 17 (3.24) | 5 (1.34) | 21 (2.63) | 105 (2.39) |
PIs | 2871 (55.36) | 305 (58.21) | 213 (57.10) | 457 (57.20) | 2414 (55.03) |
Bortezomib | 2684 (51.75) | 299 (57.06) | 205 (54.96) | 445 (55.69) | 2239 (51.04) |
Carfilzomib | 164 (3.16) | 4 (0.76) | 10 (2.68) | 13 (1.63) | 151 (3.44) |
Ixazomib | 61 (1.18) | 3 (0.57) | 2 (0.54) | 4 (0.50) | 57 (1.30) |
HDAC inhibitors | 1 (0.02) | 1 (0.19) | 0 (0) | 1 (0.13) | 0 (0) |
Panobinostat | 1 (0.02) | 1 (0.19) | 0 (0) | 1 (0.13) | 0 (0) |
Monoclonal antibodies | 111 (2.14) | 9 (1.72) | 4 (1.07) | 11 (1.38) | 100 (2.28) |
Daratumumab | 101 (1.95) | 9 (1.72) | 4 (1.07) | 11 (1.38) | 90 (2.05) |
Elotuzumab | 11 (0.21) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 11 (0.25) |
Isatuximab | |||||
Chemotherapy | 1188 (22.91) | 114 (21.76) | 101 (27.08) | 184 (23.03) | 1004 (22.89) |
Bendamustine | 10 (0.19) | 1 (0.19) | 1 (0.27) | 1 (0.13) | 9 (0.21) |
Cisplatin | 63 (1.21) | 6 (1.15) | 4 (1.07) | 8 (1.00) | 55 (1.25) |
Cyclophosphamide | 1051 (20.27) | 107 (20.42) | 90 (24.13) | 169 (21.15) | 882 (20.10) |
Doxorubicin | 126 (2.43) | 8 (1.53) | 9 (2.41) | 16 (2.00) | 110 (2.51) |
Etoposide | 74 (1.43) | 5 (0.95) | 5 (1.34) | 9 (1.13) | 65 (1.48) |
Liposomal doxorubicin | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
Melphalan | 129 (2.49) | 7 (1.34) | 9 (2.41) | 13 (1.63) | 116 (2.64) |
Top 10 treatment regimens (mono or combination therapy), n (%) | |||||
1 | Lenalidomide, 1657 (32.0) | Lenalidomide, 160 (30.5) | Lenalidomide, 116 (31.1) | Lenalidomide, 250 (31.3) | Lenalidomide, 1407 (32.1) |
2 | Bortezomib, 1041 (20.1) | Bortezomib, 136 (26.0) | Lenalidomide, bortezomib, 67 (18.0) | Bortezomib, 180 (22.5) | Bortezomib, 861 (19.6) |
3 | Lenalidomide, bortezomib, 831 (16.0) | Lenalidomide, bortezomib, 77 (14.7) | Bortezomib, 65 (17.4) | Lenalidomide, bortezomib, 131 (16.4) | Lenalidomide, bortezomib, 700 (16.0) |
4 | Bortezomib, cyclophosphamide, 516 (9.9) | Bortezomib, cyclophosphamide, 61 (11.6) | Bortezomib, cyclophosphamide, 48 (12.9) | Bortezomib, cyclophosphamide, 92 (11.5) | Bortezomib, cyclophosphamide, 424 (9.7) |
5 | Cyclophosphamide, 243 (4.7) | Cyclophosphamide, 19 (3.6) | Cyclophosphamide, 19 (5.1) | Cyclophosphamide, 35 (4.4) | Cyclophosphamide, 208 (4.7) |
6 | Pomalidomide, 81 (1.6) | Pomalidomide, 12 (2.3) | Thalidomide, 6 (1.6) | Pomalidomide, 15 (1.9) | Pomalidomide, 66 (1.5) |
7 | Thalidomide, 65 (1.3) | Thalidomide, 8 (1.5) | Bortezomib, cyclophosphamide, lenalidomide, 6 (1.6) | Thalidomide, 11 (1.4) | Carfilzomib, 57 (1.3) |
8 | Lenalidomide, bortezomib, cyclophosphamide, 65 (1.3) | Bortezomib, cyclophosphamide, lenalidomide, 8 (1.5) | Lenalidomide, bortezomib, cyclophosphamide, 5 (1.3) | Bortezomib, cyclophosphamide, lenalidomide, 11 (1.4) | Lenalidomide, bortezomib, cyclophosphamide, 56 (1.3) |
9 | Melphalan, 62 (1.2) | Lenalidomide, bortezomib, cyclophosphamide, 5 (1.0) | Melphalan, 5 (1.3) | Lenalidomide, bortezomib, cyclophosphamide, 9 (1.1) | Melphalan, 55 (1.3) |
10 | Carfilzomib, 60 (1.2) | Melphalan, 4 (0.8) | Lenalidomide, carfilzomib, 3 (0.8) | Melphalan, 7 (0.9) | Thalidomide, 54 (1.2) |
Stem cell transplant (SCT) | |||||
Yes | 319 (6.2) | 14 (2.7) | 18 (4.8) | 30 (3.8) | 289 (6.6) |
No | 4867 (93.8) | 510 (97.3) | 355 (95.2) | 769 (96.2) | 4098 (93.4) |
Maintenance therapy, n (%) | 186 (3.59) | 13 (2.48) | 14 (3.75) | 24 (3.00) | 162 (3.69) |
Bortezomib | 23 (0.44) | 1 (0.19) | 3 (0.80) | 4 (0.50) | 19 (0.43) |
Lenalidomide | 156 (3.01) | 12 (2.29) | 10 (2.68) | 19 (2.38) | 137 (3.12) |
Thalidomide | 7 (0.13) | 0 (0) | 1 (0.27) | 1 (0.13) | 6 (0.14) |
Combination therapy, n (%) | |||||
2-agent combination | 1614 (31.12) | 151 (28.82) | 127 (34.05) | 245 (30.66) | 1369 (31.21) |
3-agent combination | 189 (3.64) | 20 (3.82) | 21 (5.63) | 34 (4.26) | 155 (3.53) |
4-agent combination | 27 (0.52) | 2 (0.38) | 1 (0.27) | 3 (0.38) | 24 (0.55) |
≥ 5-agent combination | 63 (1.21) | 4 (0.76) | 4 (1.07) | 7 (0.88) | 56 (1.28) |
Top 10 therapies by agent, n (%) | |||||
1 | Lenalidomide, 2803 (54.05) | Bortezomib, 299 (57.06) | Bortezomib, 205 (54.96) | Bortezomib, 445 (55.69) | Lenalidomide, 2386 (54.39) |
2 | Bortezomib, 2684 (51.75) | Lenalidomide, 258 (49.24) | Lenalidomide, 204 (54.69) | Lenalidomide, 417 (52.19) | Bortezomib, 2239 (51.04) |
3 | Cyclophosphamide, 1051 (20.27) | Cyclophosphamide, 107 (20.42) | Cyclophosphamide, 90 (24.13) | Cyclophosphamide, 169 (21.15) | Cyclophosphamide, 882 (20.10) |
4 | Thalidomide, 173 (3.34) | Thalidomide, 18 (3.44) | Thalidomide, 16 (4.29) | Thalidomide, 28 (3.50) | Carfilzomib, 151 (3.44) |
5 | Carfilzomib, 164 (3.16) | Pomalidomide, 17 (3.24) | Carfilzomib, 10 (2.68) | Pomalidomide, 21 (2.63) | Thalidomide, 145 (3.31) |
6 | Melphalan, 129 (2.49) | Daratumumab, 9 (1.72) | Doxorubicin, 9 (2.41) | Doxorubicin, 16 (2.00) | Melphalan, 116 (2.64) |
7 | Pomalidomide, 126 (2.43) | Doxorubicin, 8 (1.53) | Melphalan, 9 (2.41) | Carfilzomib, 13 (1.63) | Doxorubicin, 110 (2.51) |
8 | Doxorubicin, 126 (2.43) | Melphalan, 7 (1.34) | Pomalidomide, 5 (1.34) | Melphalan, 13 (1.63) | Pomalidomide, 105 (2.39) |
9 | Daratumumab, 101 (1.95) | Cisplatin, 6 (1.15) | Etoposide, 5 (1.34) | Daratumumab, 11 (1.38) | Daratumumab, 90 (2.05) |
10 | Etoposide, 74 (1.43) | Etoposide, 5 (0.95) | Cisplatin, 4 (1.07) | Etoposide, 9 (1.13) | Etoposide, 65 (1.48) |
Top 5 therapies by type, n (%) | |||||
1 | IMiDs, 3102 (59.81) | PIs, 306 (58.40) | IMiDs, 225 (60.32) | IMiDs, 466 (58.32) | IMiDs, 2636 (60.09) |
2 | PIs, 2909 (56.09) | IMiDs, 293 (55.92) | PIs, 217 (58.18) | PIs, 462 (57.82) | PIs, 2447 (55.78) |
3 | Chemotherapy, 1453 (28.02) | Chemotherapy, 134 (25.57) | Chemotherapy, 118 (31.64) | Chemotherapy, 216 (27.03) | Chemotherapy, 1237 (28.20) |
4 | Monoclonal antibodies, 112 (2.16) | Monoclonal antibodies, 9 (1.72) | Monoclonal antibodies, 4 (1.07) | Monoclonal antibodies, 11 (1.38) | Monoclonal antibodies, 101 (2.30) |
5 | HDAC inhibitors, 1 (0.02) | HDAC inhibitors, 1 (0.19) | HDAC inhibitors, 1 (0.13) | ||
Characteristics at the end of line of therapy, n (%) | |||||
Treatment augmentation (add-on) | 300 (5.78) | 25 (4.77) | 24 (6.43) | 44 (5.51) | 256 (5.84) |
Treatment switch | 813 (15.68) | 60 (11.45) | 51 (13.67) | 103 (12.89) | 710 (16.18) |
Treatment discontinuation | 1214 (23.41) | 96 (18.32) | 84 (22.52) | 166 (20.78) | 1048 (23.89) |
SCT | 59 (1.14) | 3 (0.57) | 2 (0.54) | 5 (0.63) | 54 (1.23) |
Death | 120 (2.31) | 22 (4.20) | 15 (4.02) | 30 (3.75) | 90 (2.05) |
Censored | |||||
Last date of medical activity | 720 (13.88) | 69 (13.17) | 52 (13.94) | 105 (13.14) | 615 (14.02) |
End of data availability | 1960 (37.79) | 249 (47.52) | 145 (38.87) | 346 (43.30) | 1614 (36.79) |
COPD chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, HDAC histone deacetylase, IMiDs immunomodulatory drugs, PI proteasome inhibitor