Table 2.

List of Research needs for the sustainability and monitoring of the European Code Against Cancer.

Research needs
Research Need #1	Research to successfully implement evidence-based primary and secondary prevention measures across Europe, and to evaluate novel preventive interventions and their implementation to optimize their impact on the health of individuals or different risk groups within populations.
Research Need #2	Future editions of the ECAC should be accompanied by a systematic evaluation of the ECAC as a cohesive set of guidelines, in the framework of dissemination research, to ensure that the ECAC reaches the target population(s) and to measure the impact of its use. This evaluation should be performed at three levels: the (i) structural, (ii) functional, and (iii) scaling-up levels.
Research Need #3	The creation and maintenance of a landmark European Evidence-based Cancer Prevention Centre, including an Evidence-based Prevention Portal and an e-Learning platform to: (i) promote rapid dissemination of best practices in cancer prevention, (ii) contribute to implementation research to optimize the implementation of known preventive strategies, (iii) identify unanswered questions that require research investment, and (iv) build capacity in cancer prevention for a variety of audiences.
Research Need #4	Strengthening research into the causes of cancer with targeted European research programmes.