Table 2.
Results from the meta-analyses of the association between educational attainment and each inflammatory markers in each sub-dataset.
| Sub-dataset 1 (N = 17 470) | CRP |
Fibrinogen |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ref.: High | Medium | Low | Medium | Low | |
| Model 1¤ | % Change in β (95% CI) | 21% (9%; 35%) | 40% (24%; 60%) | 2% (0%; 4%) | 5% (3%; 6%) |
| P-value | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.063 | <0.001 | |
| I2 | 65.738 | 87.492 | 70.244 | 65.555 | |
| PH | 0.043 | <0.001 | 0.034 | 0.043 | |
| Model 2ϒ | % Change in β (95% CI) | 10% (3%; 18%) | 19% (9%; 30%) | 1% (−1%; 2%) | 2% (1%; 3%) |
| P-value | 0.005 | <0.001 | 0.466 | <0.001 | |
| I2 | 30.685 | 75.076 | 43.945 | 0.000 | |
| PH | 0.275 | 0.011 | 0.164 | 0.534 | |
| Sub-dataset 2 (N = 15 019) | CRP |
IL-6 |
|||
| Medium | Low | Medium | Low | ||
| Model 1¤ | % Change in β (95% CI) | 9% (3%; 15%) | 27% (18%; 36%) | 4% (−2%; 11%) | 7% (−1%; 16%) |
| P-value | 0.002 | <0.001 | 0.207 | 0.091 | |
| I2 | 0.080 | 58.901 | 52.308 | 88.360 | |
| PH | 0.214 | 0.067 | 0.109 | <0.001 | |
| Model 2 ϒ | % Change in β (95% CI) | 4% (−2%; 9%) | 11% (7%; 15%) | 3% (−3%; 9%) | 2% (−1%; 6%) |
| P-value | 0.177 | <0.001 | 0.414 | 0.241 | |
| I2 | 0.013 | 0.000 | 47.679 | 39.609 | |
| PH | 0.353 | 0.945 | 0.126 | 0.137 | |
| Sub-dataset 3 (N = 8 485) | CRP |
TNF-α |
|||
| Medium | Low | Medium | Low | ||
| Model 1¤ | % Change in β (95% CI) | 6% (−5%; 18%) | 27% (14%; 42%) | 2% (−7%; 11%) | 0% (−5%; 6%) |
| P-value | 0.284 | <0.001 | 0.740 | 0.981 | |
| I2 | 23.749 | 63.734 | 51.580 | 58.491 | |
| PH | 0.151 | 0.052 | 0.126 | 0.088 | |
| Model 2 ϒ | β (95% CI) | 1% (−6%; 9%) | 11% (6%; 17%) | 1% (−7%; 10%) | −1% (−5%; 4%) |
| P-value | 0.743 | <0.001 | 0.741 | 0.730 | |
| I2 | 0.023 | 0.000 | 47.237 | 33.705 | |
| PH | 0.267 | 0.834 | 0.156 | 0.279 | |
| Sub-dataset 4 (N = 6 751) | CRP |
IL-1β |
|||
| Medium | Low | Medium | Low | ||
| Model 1¤ | % Change in β (95% CI) | 9% (−1%; 20%) | 35% (27%; 43%) | 6% (−1%; 15%) | 2% (−3%; 8%) |
| P-value | 0.086 | <0.001 | 0.105 | 0.391 | |
| I2 | 13.953 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | |
| PH | 0.281 | 0.637 | 0.746 | 0.968 | |
| Model 2 ϒ | % Change in β (95% CI) | 3% (−6%; 14%) | 12% (6%; 19%) | 7% (−1%; 15%) | 4% (−2%; 10%) |
| P-value | 0.511 | <0.001 | 0.081 | 0.204 | |
| I2 | 20.499 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | |
| PH | 0.262 | 0.959 | 0.697 | 0.819 | |
Abb.: CI confidence interval, I2 percentage of between study heterogeneity, PH P-value of heterogeneity test.
¤
Model 1 adjusted for age and sex.
ϒ
Model 2 controlled for age, sex and additionally alcohol, smoking, body mass index and sedentary.