Table 3.

Association of orthostatic hypotension, postural change in SBP and DBP, and orthostatic hypertension (at 6, 12, or 24 months) with white coat effect as a dichotomous outcome variable defined as the difference between clinic and ABPM daytime SBP ≥20 mm Hg or DBP ≥10 mm Hg

Odds ratio [95% CI]	Crude	Model 1	Model 2
Orthostatic hypotension (6, 12, and 24 months; N = 128)	2.26 [1.29, 3.95]	2.30 [1.31, 4.05]	2.33 [1.28, 4.25]
Orthostatic hypotension
Never (N = 769)	Reference	Reference	Reference
Isolated (N = 100)	2.11 [1.13, 3.96]	2.16 [1.15, 4.07]	2.35 [1.22, 4.53]
Recurrent (N = 28)	2.82 [1.03, 7.70]	2.84 [1.03, 7.83]	2.27 [0.72, 7.11]
Postural change in SBPa (for every −1 mm Hg)	1.06 [1.02, 1.11]	1.06 [1.01, 1.10]	1.10 [1.04, 1.17]
Postural change in DBPa (for every −1 mm Hg)	1.05 [0.97, 1.13]	1.05 [0.98, 1.13]	1.05 [0.97, 1.13]
Orthostatic hypertension (6, 12, and 24 months; N = 348)	1.02 [0.62, 1.65]	0.99 [0.61, 1.63]	0.97 [0.57, 1.64]
Orthostatic hypertension
Never (N = 549)	Reference	Reference	Reference
Isolated (N = 225)	1.09 [0.63, 1.89]	1.09 [0.62, 1.89]	1.08 [0.59, 1.94]
Recurrent (N = 123)	0.88 [0.42, 1.86]	0.84 [0.40, 1.78]	0.79 [0.35, 1.79]

Model 1: age, sex, race/ethnicity. Model 2: smoking status (baseline), chronic kidney disease (baseline), chronic kidney disease (24 months), BMI (baseline), HDL (24 months), total cholesterol (24 months), cardiovascular disease (between baseline and 24 months), treatment group. Abbreviations: ABPM, ambulatory BP monitoring; BMI, body mass index; BP, blood pressure; CI, confidence interval; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; SBP, systolic blood pressure.

^aPostural change = average of the difference of standing − seated BP at 6, 12, and 24 months.