Table 1.
Quality of life (PDQ-39SI and EUROHIS-QOL8) and disability (ADLS score) in PD patients with regard to Hoehn and Yahr stage (s = 603).
| H&Y 1, N = 138 | H&Y 2, N = 407 | H&Y 3, N = 49 | H&Y 4, N = 9 | p a | p b | p c | p d | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PDQ-39SI | 13.3 ± 12.1 | 17.1 ± 12.9 | 30.9 ± 15.3 | 30.3 ± 15.3 | <0.0001 | 0.037 | <0.0001 | 0.908 |
| Mobility | 10.9 ± 14.2 | 16.1 ± 18 | 41.6 ± 23.8 | 37.2 ± 24.3 | <0.0001 | 0.036 | <0.0001 | 0.613 |
| Activities of Daily Living | 13.4 ± 14.3 | 18.3 ± 18.1 | 33.6 ± 24 | 29.1 ± 19.1 | <0.0001 | 0.023 | <0.0001 | 0.604 |
| Emotional well-being | 18.9 ± 16.9 | 21.6 ± 20.7 | 34.3 ± 21.9 | 32.8 ± 13.2 | <0.0001 | 0.372 | <0.0001 | 0.846 |
| Stigma | 12.3 ± 17 | 13.2 ± 19.7 | 16.1 ± 22.1 | 22.9 ± 32.7 | 0.316 | 0.839 | 0.341 | 0.432 |
| Social support | 6.8 ± 14.3 | 8.6 ± 16.9 | 9.7 ± 19.7 | 12.9 ± 22.1 | 0.497 | 0.492 | 0.686 | 0.656 |
| Cognition | 14.9 ± 16.4 | 20.1 ± 18.1 | 27.2 ± 18.9 | 31.2 ± 17.9 | <0.0001 | 0.015 | 0.011 | 0.553 |
| Communication | 8.8 ± 13.8 | 9.5 ± 14.2 | 17.3 ± 19.7 | 19.4 ± 17.6 | 0.001 | 0.522 | 0.001 | 0.766 |
| Pain and discomfort | 21.1 ± 19.9 | 26.9 ± 22.9 | 42.5 ± 22.5 | 40.7 ± 28.9 | <0.0001 | 0.065 | <0.0001 | 0.835 |
| PQ-10 | 7.5 ± 1.5 | 7.2 ± 6.2 | 6.2 ± 2.1 | 6.9 ± 1.4 | <0.0001 | 0.234 | <0.0001 | 0.375 |
| EUROHIS-QOL8 | 3.9 ± 0.5 | 3.8 ± 0.5 | 3.3 ± 0.6 | 3.7 ± 0.5 | <0.0001 | 0.117 | <0.0001 | 0.135 |
| Quality of life | 3.9 ± 0.7 | 3.8 ± 0.7 | 3.2 ± 0.8 | 3.8 ± 0.4 | <0.0001 | 0.207 | <0.0001 | 0.063 |
| Health status | 3.4 ± 0.8 | 3.1 ± 0.9 | 2.5 ± 0.9 | 2.9 ± 0.8 | <0.0001 | 0.012 | <0.0001 | 0.296 |
| Energy | 3.9 ± 0.8 | 3.7 ± 0.8 | 3.2 ± 0.8 | 3.7 ± 1.1 | <0.0001 | 0.195 | <0.0001 | 0.156 |
| Autonomy for ADL | 3.8 ± 0.7 | 3.6 ± 0.8 | 2.8 ± 0.8 | 3.1 ± 0.8 | <0.0001 | 0.023 | <0.0001 | 0.289 |
| Self-esteem | 3.9 ± 0.7 | 3.8 ± 0.8 | 3.4 ± 0.9 | 3.4 ± 0.7 | 0.001 | 0.437 | 0.001 | 0.863 |
| Social relationships | 4 ± 0.7 | 4.1 ± 0.7 | 3.7 ± 0.8 | 4 ± 0.9 | 0.021 | 0.890 | 0.004 | 0.388 |
| Economic capacity | 3.9 ± 0.7 | 3.7 ± 0.8 | 3.7 ± 1 | 3.9 ± 0.7 | 0.414 | 0.819 | 0.160 | 0.546 |
| Habitat | 4.3 ± 0.7 | 4.2 ± 0.7 | 4.1 ± 0.8 | 4.4 ± 0.5 | 0.287 | 0.832 | 0.112 | 0.161 |
| ADLS score | 93.5 ± 6.9 | 87.8 ± 9.4 | 77.1 ± 13.1 | 72.5 ± 23.8 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | 0.416 |
| Functional dependency (%) | 0.7 | 8.8 | 42.9 | 37.5 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | 0.546 |
Chi-squared, Mann–Whitney–Wilcoxon, and ANOVA test were applied. The results represent percentages or mean±SD; pa, all groups; pb, H&Y 2 vs H&Y 1; pc, H&Y 3 vs H&Y 2; pd, H&Y 4 vs H&Y 3. ADL, Activities of Daily Living; ADLS, Schwab and England Activities of Daily Living Scale; EUROHIS-QOL8, EUROHIS-QOL 8-item index; H&Y, Hoehn and Yahr; PDQ-39SI, 39-item Parkinson's Disease Quality of Life Questionnaire Summary Index.