Table 1.
General characteristics of participants
| PWS (n = 20) | HCs (n = 20) | p | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 11.5 ± 4.1 | 10.25 ± 2.9 | 0.461 |
| Sex, M/F (%) | 9 (45.0)/11 (55.0) | 11 (55.0)/9 (45.0) | 0.527 |
| BMI percentile | 48.8 ± 30.8 | 48.3 ± 37.1 | 0.967 |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 67.1 ± 14.8 | 64.4 ± 15.3 | 0.309 |
| Hip circumference (cm) | 78.8 ± 17.1 | 75.45 ± 14.8 | 0.607 |
| Mood disorders, n (%) | 5 (20.0) | – | – |
| Anxiety disorders, n (%) | 7 (35.0) | – | – |
| OCD, n (%) | 9 (45.0) | – | – |
| Tics syndrome, n (%) | 1 (5.0) | – | – |
| ADHD, n (%) | 6 (30.0) | – | – |
| Conduct disorder, n (%) | 1 (5.0) | – | – |
| ODD, n (%) | 8 (40.0) | – | – |
| Psychotic disorder, n (%) | 1 (5.0) | – | – |
| Adjustment disorder, n (%) | 2 (10.0) | – | – |
| ASD, n (%) | 6 (30.0) | – | – |
| Co-morbidities according to MINI-Kid | – | – | |
| 0, n (%) | 3 (15.0) | – | – |
| 1, n (%) | 4 (20.0) | – | – |
| 2–3, n (%) | 9 (45.0) | – | – |
| ≥ 4, n (%) | 4 (20.0) | – | – |
The ICD-10 diagnoses established based on the Mini KID interview were presented in table
M male, F female, BMI body mass index, HCs healthy controls, PWS Prader–Willi syndrome patients, ADHD attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, OCD obsessive–compulsive disorder, ODD oppositional-defiant disorder, ASD autism spectrum disorder